Become a Creator today!Start creating today - Share your story with the world!
Start for free
00:00:00
00:00:01
From Jenin to Gaza to Nablus: Palestinian Resistance Under Attack
121 Plays2 years ago
Mariam Barghouti and Ibrahim Fraihat join host Yara Hawari to discuss how the latest Israeli attacks and assassinations in Jenin, Gaza and Nablus are part of a wider Israeli strategy to crush Palestinian armed resistance.
Recommended
Transcript
Prelude to Conflict: Resistance and Manipulation
00:00:00
Speaker
The target is the resistance, the concept of resistance and the resistance movement in Palestine, trying to manipulate a situation between Hamas and Jihad in Gaza and attack before the Gaza bombing starts, resistance leaders in Jeanine, and then continuing in Nablus, sending the message that everyone is targeted here.
Introducing 'Rethinking Palestine' Podcast
00:00:29
Speaker
This is Rethinking Palestine, a podcast from Ashabaka, the Palestinian Policy Network. We are a virtual think tank that aims to foster public debate on Palestinian human rights and self-determination. We draw upon the vast knowledge and experience of the Palestinian people, whether in Palestine or in exile, to put forward strong and diverse Palestinian policy voices. In this podcast, we will be bringing these voices to you so that you can listen to Palestinians sharing their analysis wherever you are in the world.
Cycle of Violence: Gaza Under Siege
00:01:04
Speaker
At the beginning of August, the Israeli regime launched a new assault on Gaza killing 44 Palestinians, including at least 16 children, as well as damaging vital infrastructure. This kind of repetitive violence is the cruel reality that Palestinians in Gaza face, not to mention 15 years of a crippling siege which dictates all aspects of life.
00:01:27
Speaker
Now, once again, we saw many mainstream analysts and media outlets report on the issue without context and nuance, separating Gaza from the rest of Palestine and framing this as the perpetual Israel-Gaza conflict. Indeed, this has long been the goal of the Israeli regime to siphon off Gaza as something quite different to the rest of Palestine and the Palestinians.
00:01:50
Speaker
Not only is this an attempt to fragment Palestinians, but also an attempt to obscure the wider picture and political context.
Israeli Raids: Jenine and Nablus
00:01:59
Speaker
Indeed, prior to the assault on Gaza, the Israeli regime army had been invading and raiding the northern West Bank city of Zheinin for quite a few months. One such raid saw the murder of veteran journalist Shrin Abu Akhle by Israeli soldiers.
00:02:14
Speaker
Following the so-called ceasefire between the Israeli regime and Islamic Shahad in Gaza, we also saw the Israeli army raid and invade the old city of Nablus, in which it killed three resistance fighters. All of this is vital context in understanding what the Israeli regime has been doing in recent weeks and why.
00:02:34
Speaker
This is a two-part episode.
Dr. Ibrahim Frehad on Cyclical Violence
00:02:37
Speaker
Joining us for the first part of this episode of Rethinking Palestine is Dr. Ibrahim Frehad, Associate Professor in International Conflict Resolution at the Doha Institute for Graduate Studies and the Shabaka policy member. Dr. Frehad, thank you for joining me. Thank you, Yara.
00:02:55
Speaker
We know the kind of violence that the Israeli regime inflicted on Palestinians in Gaza at the beginning of August is cyclical. Indeed, the Israeli regime military tactic of mowing the grass is well established. But what did it claim was the goal this time?
Ethics of Preemptive Strikes
00:03:10
Speaker
Well, the declared goal as we heard from the Israeli government is targeting Islamic Jihad in Gaza and the military capability of the group in Gaza. And in addition, this was justified as preventing an attack because the Israeli bombing was very unprovoked. There was no attacks or anything coming out from Gaza. But then this was explained by the Israeli government as a preventive action.
00:03:39
Speaker
or preemptive action against Islamic Jihad that they were planning on a response to the arrest of Islamic Jihad leader, Engineer Sheikh Saadi. And as we know in international relations, these preemptive strikes are extremely problematic with very ethical concerns because they can't be verified.
00:04:01
Speaker
how can you verify that there was a planned something or this unfolds under the pre-interaction as Israel's trying to explain it. So what we know for sure that the attack of Gaza and the bombing of Gaza is unprovoked and Israel launched the targeting particularly Islamic Jihad group as it was.
Gaza and West Bank: A Vital Connection
00:04:25
Speaker
So as I mentioned, the Israeli regime has long attempted to
00:04:31
Speaker
siphon of Gaza, something socially and politically separate to the rest of Palestine. But of course, for Palestinians, we know that this is not the case. Gaza is a vital part of the Palestinian society and struggle. And you've written about this in a recent article. You've written that the assault on Gaza was actually an extension of what the Israeli regime has been doing in the West Bank city of Jenin. Can you elaborate on this?
00:04:58
Speaker
Yes, in fact, there was a war happening in Geneva before we saw the Gaza attacks and that was taking place for at least the past year. Why we didn't hear much about it? It was because of a shift of a strategy, military strategy, that Israel targeted Geneva during the past year. And this strategy was to shift from large scale operations
00:05:25
Speaker
to attack resistance groups in Jeanine, like Zlamjad, Fata, and other groups to target killing or extrajudicial killing assassinations in Jeanine. Why was the shift from large scale operations to this kind of targeted assassinations and extrajudicial killing?
00:05:47
Speaker
It was because large-scale operations attract the attention of the international community, and they draw a lot of attention and criticism against Israel. And most importantly, at the moment, the Biden administration's strategy
00:06:02
Speaker
focuses on keeping the Israeli-Palestinian conflict under control.
U.S. Influence and Israeli Tactics
00:06:07
Speaker
The entire administration, Biden administration's focus is currently on Ukraine and challenging Russia in Ukraine and to a certain extent also China. Any escalation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will go against the strategy of Joe Biden and the U.S. administration and how they're managing the global stage.
00:06:30
Speaker
So large-scale operations, as we saw in the past, in 2002 there was a large-scale operation against Jenin refugee camp and it drew a lot of criticism against Israel and how it handled it.
00:06:47
Speaker
and it was not received well at all among the international community. So given the global context at the moment for at least since the arrival of Biden administration and the message that he made clear that he wants a quiet Israel-Palestine does not want to be distracted from Russia and China, for that reason Israel adapted the strategy to avoid large-scale operations in Jenin
00:07:13
Speaker
and focusing on the extrajudicial killing. And we saw this happening in number of raids in Jenin, where assassinated resistance figures in Jenin and refugee camp and other places in Yabad and in other towns around Jenin all put together this or present this pattern of the strategy that Israel was using.
00:07:39
Speaker
But this by no means for the past year that Janine was silent. And also, of course, there were responses from Janine. So it was the war happening, but in single incidents here and there, lacking the international community attention.
Extended Strategies: Targeting Resistance
00:07:55
Speaker
And for that, we did not hear much about it because it lacked the continuity in terms of large scale operations happening for many days continuously.
00:08:05
Speaker
But then this, we saw in Gaza, was an extension of this war from Jenin to Gaza. And here there are links to Islamic Jihad in particular, because Israel could not keep this under control of targeting only certain individuals from the resistance movement in Jenin.
00:08:24
Speaker
And I suppose this extrajudicial killings of resistance leader figures was then extended after its assault in Gaza to Nablus where the Israeli regime raided the old city of Nablus and assassinated three resistance fighters there, including Ibrahim Nablusi, also known as the Lion of Nablus.
00:08:46
Speaker
So what you're saying, what you're arguing is that this is all linked and part of the same effort to quell Palestinian resistance during this period.
00:08:55
Speaker
That's an excellent question, Yara. And here we have, in order to read this strategy, really we have to look at the targets that Israel is attacking. By no means, as Israel declared that they're targeting Islamic Jihad, that was, the target was only Islamic Jihad. Brahimi Nablusi attacks Nablus was an extension of the Gaza bombing. Brahimi Nablusi is a fatah leader from Kata'ib Shwada al-Aqsa, Laksa Brigades.
00:09:23
Speaker
And Fateh is the ruling party in Palestine and lived by Mahmoud Abbas. You know, it's the party that's engaging in negotiations since 1993, since the Oslo war. But nevertheless, that did not exempt them from being targeted with the assassinations in Nablus and not only in Nablus Yarra, but also in Geneva.
00:09:46
Speaker
So who were fighting in Geneva, it was mainly taking the lead, Fatah Aqsa Brigade in Geneva, and also Islamic Jihad was taking leading role there. So it wasn't only about the Islamic Jihad, it was about the military wings of the Fatah ruling party in Palestine that were attacked in Geneva and also later on in Nablus.
Dividing Palestinian Factions
00:10:11
Speaker
This leads us to when we put the puzzle together of trying to figure out what Israel wants. Israel is not targeting a certain group. And we have seen also this in Gaza when they say that Hamas is not part of this. But the target here is the Palestinian resistance, the Palestinian resistance in general, including those military brigades of the ruling party, Fatah, that are negotiating with Israel.
00:10:40
Speaker
And another indication of how the target is the resistance, the concept of resistance and the resistance movement itself, for the first time we're seeing that Israel is declaring in a number of statements that, and through a third party as well with this started bombing Gaza, that Hamas is not targeted.
00:11:01
Speaker
or Hamas will not be bombed in Gaza. And here we see the reason that the target is the resistance movement itself, where they're trying to create a gap between Islamic Jihad and Hamas and Fatah in Gaza.
00:11:17
Speaker
while targeting a group. And this actually led to some sort of tension between Islamic Jihad and Hamas on that level, because we have seen that Israel is bombing Islamic Jihad and Hamas is not joining the resistance or against Israel. Hamas is being led by its own calculations. They're in governments. In the government, they have responsibilities toward the Gazans and the governments in general, water security, jobs and all of that.
00:11:46
Speaker
And Israel succeeded to a certain extent to alienate Hamas and target only Islam Jihad, which again touches on that same exact point that you raised about the target is the resistance, the concept of resistance and the resistance movement in Palestine, where we're trying to manipulate a situation between Hamas and Jihad in Gaza.
00:12:11
Speaker
an attack before the Gaza bombing starts, Fatah, resistance leader's engineering, and then continuing Indianapolis, sending the message that everyone is targeted here. There is no resistance that belongs to this party or that party, but all Palestinians are a target.
00:12:33
Speaker
That's an incredibly important point that we can't simply boil this down to the Israeli regime targeting Islamists, but actually targeting armed Palestinian resistance as a whole. And another important point you mentioned was that this again follows along Israel's time or policy of creating or entrenching further divisions between various Palestinian political factions. And I think we saw that play out very well in its latest assault on Gaza.
Regional Dynamics: Iran and Hezbollah
00:13:01
Speaker
Now, if we dwell on Islamic Jihad just for a minute, because of the so-called links with Iran and Hezbollah, some analysts are actually also connecting this latest assault to the Israeli regime's attempt to control the Karash gas field, which is located in Lebanese waters. What can you tell us about this?
00:13:23
Speaker
Thank you. This is an important question. We cannot understand any particular conflict without looking at the regional and the global context of it. And we've seen how the global context of the Biden administration strategy, affecting the Israeli military strategy in Janine of shifting to targeted killing rather than large scale operations.
00:13:46
Speaker
Here also where targeting Islamic Jihad is linked to the regional context here and the relationship with Iran. We know Islamic Jihad has strong ties with Iran. It's supported by Iran historically. So there is no secret about this. And we know at the same time that there is the nuclear negotiations between Iran and the United States taking place in Vienna. The Vienna nuclear talks as we know it.
00:14:14
Speaker
And we also know the timing that for the first time since the arrival of the Biden administration, Iran and the US are getting the closest ever to reach an agreement over Iran's nuclear activities. And Israel has openly rejected any talks or an agreement with Iran on that level.
00:14:36
Speaker
and all for the bombing of the Iranian target. So the timing that this is happening now while they're trying to close a deal in the Vienna talks between Iran and the United States, this is raising important questions that this is also a response to Iran and the opposition of the Israeli government to the Vienna nuclear talks.
00:15:00
Speaker
and trying to disrupt it in some way by targeting Iran's proxies or Iran's allies like Islamic Jihad in Palestine. And what makes this analysis also important, in my view, is that when we look at the overall Israel strategy countering Iran,
00:15:20
Speaker
For the past at least 10 years, Israel has been attacking Iranian targets in Syria and also extended to attacking Iranian targets in Iraq. So if they're doing it in Syria and if they're doing it in Iraq,
00:15:36
Speaker
Then why not attacking also what they see as an Iranian ally in Gaza? So better start with in Gaza instead of going to Iraq and Syria. So there is also a dimension, the regional context of it, linked to the overall strategy with Iran. And as also you said, related to the timing is the control of the Karish Gaz field in the Mediterranean and how this has been taking place between
00:16:04
Speaker
Israel, Lebanon, and the number of statements that Hezbollah has made also openly over trying to stand up for Israel on the gas field on that level and also making statements they will respond. So for that also Israel is linking Islamic Jihad or Hezbollah statements to the Kurdish gas field, to Iran, all
00:16:31
Speaker
starting with Islamic Jihad in Gaza and sending that message that we can respond to Iran, to Hezbollah, and to the overall strategy of countering Iran, and this time, starting with Gaza.
00:16:46
Speaker
Thank you for that. And I think this conversation has really highlighted that Israeli regime violence is always ongoing and it's always usually part of this wider strategy to quell Palestinian resistance. But also we have to think regionally in how this relates to the Israeli regime's neighbors and its maneuverings in the Middle East region and in the wider Mediterranean region.
00:17:08
Speaker
I think we'll end there. So thank you so much for joining me on this episode of Rethinking Palestine. Thank you, Ira, and thanks for Shabaka for all the great work that they're doing. Keep up the great work.
More Insights from Ashabaka
00:17:20
Speaker
If you are enjoying this podcast, please visit our website, www.al-shabaka.org, where you will find more Palestinian policy analysis and where you can join our mailing list and donate to support our work.
00:17:35
Speaker
Joining me for the second part of this episode is Mariam Barghouti, writer, senior Palestine correspondent for Mondo Vice and a Shabaka policy member. Mariam, thank you for joining me. Thank you for having me.
00:17:49
Speaker
Now we heard from our previous guests about how the assault on Gaza was linked to the military assaults and raids on Jenin that have been happening for months and how it's also all connected to a wider regional dynamic. I want to hone in on what's been happening on the ground a bit more.
Ongoing Resistance in Nablus and West Bank
00:18:04
Speaker
Mariam, since the assassination of Ibrahim Nabulsi, a renowned resistance fighter, you have been enamblest reporting on the aftermath of what the Israeli regime has dubbed Operation Break the Wave. Can you tell me a bit about what you have seen?
00:18:19
Speaker
So what Israel is kind of doing in terms of trying to crack down on Palestinian resistance in all its shapes and forms, even to the point of just the imagination of liberation, but in places like Nablus and Janine, what you witness is this constant confrontation
00:18:38
Speaker
specifically with the Israeli military. So these are areas that aren't just purely surrounded by settlers or settlements. The exposure of the colonial project is through the lens of this brute military force. So what we're seeing is this continued growth
00:18:56
Speaker
of Palestinian resistance in different forms and manifestations that are in accordance with the current generation, right? So the generation of today will not fight the same way that generations in the past have thought. But nonetheless, what I'm witnessing, at least in Nablus, is there's this tendency to also confront and fight back in a very visible way.
00:19:20
Speaker
So people like Ibrahimine Nabilisi, who didn't even make it to his 19th birthday, was walking around with the rifle on his back, very proud. And it's as though he was bearing a responsibility. But it's also very telling of how, whether you are known publicly or unknown, that you are targeted. So there's no point in even trying to really go underground. On the contrary, the point is to showcase that if
00:19:49
Speaker
this colonization continues as it is, then it will be met by Palestinian resistance. In the end, who wants to live an undignified life, especially a younger generation that has been exposed to different realities around the world in light of increased communication with technology development?
00:20:09
Speaker
A lot of people might not have heard of Ibrahim and Nablusi before last week. I was wondering if you could tell us a bit more about him and why it was so important or significant for the Israeli regime to assassinate a 19 year old.
00:20:22
Speaker
I'm really glad you brought that to light, the fact that he wasn't really known until the targeted assassination attempts that increased in the past couple of months. So targeting Brahim and Nabilisi, who is a resistance fighter, reported to be part of Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, which is the armed wing of Fatah, became known as this confrontational resistance fighter, especially to
00:20:50
Speaker
the Palestinian residents in the old city. But an hablis story kind of goes further back in the timeline of contemporary history.
00:20:59
Speaker
So in March and April, Israel officially declared there is this escalation of Operation Break the Wave. And that means Israel will continue intensifying its provocative military raids and invasions on Palestinian cities in order to also push resistance fighters further out so that they can target them and assassinate them.
00:21:24
Speaker
And this will be part of the escalation dominance, which is a military strategy. And Operation Break the Wave was noted by Israeli ministers and officials as one which will be hundreds of operations across Palestine. So what we saw in the first week of August between the fifth and the seventh is part of Operation Break the Wave, which was technically meant to target
00:21:53
Speaker
resistance in the West Bank. So we saw Reze becoming the battleground for a dynamic in the West Bank, and it shows you how the Israeli military and settlers are trying to constantly provoke Palestinians, despite being a nuclear regime and a nuclear power. And El-Nabilisi, who has grown up
00:22:16
Speaker
under the brutality of a military siege. This is a kid that was born in 2003, peak curfew hours where no one was allowed to leave their home. The Israeli military demolished
00:22:29
Speaker
parts of the old city and Nablus in ways that are so savage and brutal that they're even destroying historical artifacts across the city to kind of completely erase any existence of not just Palestinians, any other reality or community that is not the current Israeli one that's still being constructed and built. Ibrahim at 16
00:22:55
Speaker
became involved in confrontation with Israeli settlers. First, it was the Israeli settlers a few years ago that began raiding Joseph's tomb and Joseph's well near the old city. And, you know, as a child where your entire childhood is kind of under the mercy of
00:23:17
Speaker
and army and settlers that show and have no mercy whatsoever, means that you will necessarily come to a recognition that, okay, I need to do something. So as confrontation of youth increased towards the settlers that were raiding the city, the presence of settlers actually decreased. And I think this is part of why also he became a target, is that there was an effectiveness to the confrontation of Palestinian resistance.
00:23:43
Speaker
if it's not at the level that is required in terms of liberation, but there was effectiveness and we really can't take away from that either. And this is what made him a target along with his comrades starting the assassination trend back in February 8th, where Ashraf Mubarak and Muhammad Dachil were killed in extrajudicial assassination. And these were all comrades of Al-Nabulsi.
Cultural Symbols and Escalation
00:24:09
Speaker
So if he's only witnessing brutality as a child,
00:24:13
Speaker
and then the targeted assassination of his comrades, who were the sole reason that that city saw any inkling of protection against the military, then naturally he's also going to be emboldened and showcase his face, right? And I think that's what triggered also the Israeli military commanders to focus on him because he was so loved in his community, he was so kind. And he didn't do it from what I gathered, at least from the testimonies of people there, he didn't do it
00:24:43
Speaker
for the fame. He did it for the necessity, for the need of it. And I think that was something that was very respected. And what Israel will do is it will constantly, not just kill resistance fighters, but any symbol of resistance. And we see that in the way they also target cultural spaces, in the way that they target poets like Dariin Tatoor, in the way that they target journalists as well constantly. And in the way they're trying to criminalize, for example,
00:25:10
Speaker
six Palestinian civil society organizations whose primary mission is to document Israeli violations. So it's kind of a trend that folds into itself and Nabilisi again didn't make it to 19, was so aware of these dynamics
00:25:28
Speaker
Just because someone isn't naming it through the language that we understand in policy, but they inherently know that this is a systemic structural oppression and that they also have the right to say no and to act on that right. And I think this is what made him a target, essentially.
00:25:47
Speaker
Marim, you really clearly described the context to all of these Israeli regime maneuvers and also outline very beautifully the story of Ibrahim Mablusi. I just want to take this back for a moment because you mentioned the Israeli military tactic of escalation dominant. I was wondering if you could explain what that is for our listeners.
00:26:10
Speaker
So there's this military strategy that was kind of developed first by the US and it's called escalation dominant. And what that means is that as a military power, you provoke an escalation or an escalatory response by intensifying your assault and your attack on a group with the knowledge that response from the opposing
00:26:37
Speaker
actors will place them at a disadvantage. So it's actively kind of provocatively pushing Palestinian resistance and pushing Palestinian lives to the limit of recognizing that this is not a way to live. You cannot live under these realities and dynamics.
00:26:56
Speaker
So they heighten it gradually. And it's part of, you know, the shock and awe doctrine that was explained very beautifully and well by Naomi Klein, another also award winning journalist who delved into the way this is used, especially in capitalist systems.
00:27:12
Speaker
in order to continue the market trade.
Arms Testing: Global Complicity
00:27:14
Speaker
And let's not forget that Israel relies heavily on exporting as well as importing weapons that it tests on Palestinians first as lab rats. So what they do is they ensure their dominance in the equation and they push for escalatory behavior. And that is de facto
00:27:34
Speaker
seeking the killing of an entire population by recognizing the disadvantages that were at. Rahimi Nablusi fought back with a rifle, a very outdated rifle against one of the most technologically advanced militaries in the world. When Israel raids Palestinian towns and villages, the youth often respond with stones and Molotov cocktails. So to ensure dominance,
00:28:02
Speaker
is to also consistently drain and shock Palestinian communities. And this is not just on Israel or the Israeli regime. This is on the entire international community that is complicit and we need to look at them as accomplices. The U.S. is an accomplice, especially
00:28:20
Speaker
considering that Biden, for example, came to visit Palestine in July. And this is after the declaration of Operation Break the Wave, which means he was briefed and informed. If not him, then the other delegations that came from State Department. So you can tell that what Israel is doing is basically
00:28:40
Speaker
burying Palestinians and making Palestinians dig their own grave so that it can illustrate itself as triumphant or illustrate itself as it's fighting a terror cell or a terror organization. This very ambiguous term that has lost its meaning. Israel has been terrorizing Palestinian children, youth, and adults for decades now. I think it's an organized terrorist party or association at a collective level, including its courts.
00:29:10
Speaker
Marim, where do you think Palestinians are now following this assault on Gaza and these extrajudicial killings of resistance fighters?
Palestinian Resilience and Unity
00:29:20
Speaker
I think that generally Palestinians are tense. I think we're also terribly afraid, but also very empowered in recognizing that despite the constant attempts by the Israeli regime to bring down the Palestinian spirit and yearning to be liberated,
00:29:39
Speaker
that it still persists. In terms of Reze, there needs to be an immediate breaking of the siege that should have happened 15 years ago when it was first started, right?
00:29:52
Speaker
And I think what we're recognizing now, and it's something actually that I believe was miscalculated, thankfully, by the Israeli regime, is that rather than the be divided, Palestinians are being unified. So now you can hear Raze, for example, speak about the fate of the West Bank, the West Bank speak about and fight for the fate of Raze. Same thing with historic Palestine, Palestinians that have been marginalized, those that have been treated as second and third class citizens,
00:30:22
Speaker
by design of the system are also reclaiming the right to be Palestinian and to live in historic Palestine as Palestinians. But more than this is what I'm also noticing is that as long as there's a single Palestinian breath that resistance will rise and a lot of
00:30:43
Speaker
For example, in the West Bank, one of Israel's rules during Oslo was to demilitarize the West Bank. The only people that were left with arms are those from the Palestinian Authority security forces, who are also recognizing an increased authoritarian regime that the fact of no Palestinian Authority, whether the PNA or otherwise, can function and operate
00:31:06
Speaker
with the Israeli colonial power over its head. So what we're realizing is that the arms are also changing function. That what was meant to hush the Palestinian authority is now turning against them because in the end, the new generation of Ibrahim in Nablusi, the new generation of Wasim Abu Khalifa, who was assassinated yesterday, also in Nablus,
00:31:30
Speaker
whose father was an officer in the Palestinian Authority, they don't know the history of the Oslo generation. These are people that grew up under 2000 and 2003 when the apartheid wall was being built and is now almost complete. So it means nothing to them, any of the agreements that were done before. What means something is the reality on the ground.
00:31:52
Speaker
And the reality on the ground dictates that if you want to live a dignified life, then the Israeli regime must go, period. You cannot live under apartheid. You cannot live under repression and a population that is no longer saying death to Arabs, but actively intensifying that as practice. 2022, and we're not even done with the year,
00:32:15
Speaker
has shown more than five times the killings by Israel than we saw in the same time period last year when Palestinians were being chased and lit and in Haifa and in Yatha with butcher knives by settlers chanting death to Arabs. So I think what we're seeing is fear, but that's because we're perpetually terrorized by this regime, but also resilience, unity and defiance.
00:32:42
Speaker
And Gen Z really understands the value of being able to live life, not to just hope for it and wish that, oh, maybe my fifties will be free. No, the question being posed now is why on earth are my teen years not free? Why on earth is my childhood not free or my adult life? And I think that's what's being pursued very actively and visibly.
00:33:07
Speaker
Thank you, Miriam, for that. I think we will have to leave it here, but thank you again so much for joining me on this episode of Rethinking Palestine. Thank you so much. Thank you for listening to Rethinking Palestine. Don't forget to subscribe and leave us a review. For more policy analysis and to donate to support our work, please visit our website, www.al-shabaka.org.
00:33:34
Speaker
You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter.