"Nothing has happened which was not going to be, and likewise nothing is going to be of which nature does not contain causes working to bring that very thing about."

The Stoics believed that we were responsible for our actions and that every action was fated.

In this conversation, Michael explains how they made sense of those two ideas.

We cover determinism, freewill, and moral responsibility in Stoicism.

(00:54) Introduction

(04:41) The Lazy Argument

(07:03) Stoic Physics 

(15:56) The Argument for Causal Determinism

(25:10) Moral Responsibility 

(35:33) Free Will

(44:29) Objections

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Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations: https://ancientlyre.com/