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Low-Carb Diets Will Shorten Your Life image

Low-Carb Diets Will Shorten Your Life

The Live Longer Formula | How to Actually Live Longer
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Transcript
00:00:47
chrisyzen
Hey Christian

Critique of Low-Carb Diets for Longevity

00:00:48
chrisyzen
Jordonov here. So today I'm going to talk about why low-carb, ketogenic diets and carnivore diets are not conducive to longevity. They are sub-optimal diets for longevity. now
00:01:06
chrisyzen
I've already had a ah an episode published about why carbs don't cause insulin resistance and diabetes and why they're not the devil and so on and so forth. So I'm not going to spout the virtues of clean carbohydrates, obviously not the crappy grains and all that crap. I'm not going to get deep on that because, you know, if I go on that tangent, I could go on for hours. But let me explain why low carbon ketogenic diets are not optimal for long term health. The full story, it's not even the full story, to be quite honest. It's a much bigger story. But I have a 10,000 word chapter in my book, which which is about a fifth of the first version of my book, the ah the volume one of how to actually live longer, one how to actually live longer volume one.
00:01:55
chrisyzen
um So I have a whole chapter on why low-carb and keto diets are not optimal. So if you want the full story, you can get the book, of course, get the hardcover. But here's the here's the thing. when

Debate at Conference: Low-Carb Advocates

00:02:10
chrisyzen
When, ah so I was in Mexico a few months ago for a conference and I had the, I just published the book and I had a few copies with me and I was going around, you know, to promote it and talk to people. And there was one lady, there was two ladies I saw in one of the bars there um near the conference and I started talking to them and we kind of got off on the wrong foot because i I jokingly approached them. I said,
00:02:38
chrisyzen
excuse me ladies if you have a moment I'd like to talk to you about our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ you know just kind of as a joke they were already on the back foot on my on the back foot they were like oh my god Jesus freak uh get me out of here you know get the hell away and then they saw my name Christian on the book they thought then I was like no it's about health and longevity so the lady basically she already had a couple of drinks so you know you can't really blame her she was a bit uninhibited And I'll tell you why we can't blame her, but she basically just started going off on on me, you know, because she's like, she was like, um I'm low carb. but No, I was like, are you doing low carb? Because I was talking about how that's ah a myth being perpetrated that low carb is good for you and stuff.
00:03:23
chrisyzen
like She told me that she's zero-carb. She's basically doing carnivore. And she just started going off like about... um I ah couldn't get like a proper argument. Not that you're you're like gonna convince anyone of their against a religious belief, because for her it had become a ah religious belief at that point, and she was defending her religious beliefs. That's why she was um getting so anti. But the thing is, I was...
00:03:53
chrisyzen
there There's some people watching us have this heated conversation and then I sat next to them because I'd already met them the day before and I just told them because I'd already talked to them about the book.

Stress and Hormonal Effects of Low-Carb Diets

00:04:04
chrisyzen
That's a prime example of a high cortisol person and that's what happens when you do low carb and keto. Cortisol has to elevate and why?
00:04:15
chrisyzen
because it and some other stress hormones um stimulate the process of creation of glucose in the liver, gluconeogenesis, right? So they drive this process. So this lady, I was like, she's like, keto this and ah sugar is a poison. She said, sugar is a poison. I'm like, so why do we have a blood glucose level? She just like kind of like froze for a second. And then it was like, you know, fight or flight, you know?
00:04:41
chrisyzen
a This kind of stuff. So then why do we have a blood glucose level if it's it's a freaking poison? Why do we sacrifice our hard-earned precious muscle tissue bone joints and even parts of our organs and parts of our brain in emergency situations just to create glucose?
00:05:00
chrisyzen
Why do we have multiple pathways to create glucose in the body if it's a freaking poison, right? why do And all these carnivores, zealots, they're like zero. You don't need any exogenous carbohydrates. Why the hell then do we have carbohydrate-digesting enzymes in the gut and in our saliva?
00:05:20
chrisyzen
You know, if you're going to be all about the evolutionary argument, why do we have these enzymes and genes that code for them? Right. So this lady then I was like, um do you know why they do you know why they created the keto diet, the ketogenic diet? And she just like yelled to help children with epilepsy as if I'm some kind of monster, you know. But here's the thing.
00:05:47
chrisyzen
Yes, they created the ketogenic diet to help children with epilepsy, but why did they design that diet that way? What was it about that diet that started um triggering the process of creating ketones in the body, which is what seemed to help these children with their epilepsy?
00:06:12
chrisyzen
And by the way, that was supposed to be a short term intervention until the the drugs that they were using could then work to stabilize the children. Nobody said they're meant to be on this diet for life or for multiple years. Some of these people out there are like on keto for two, three, five years. That's insanity. And to go back to what, what is the ketogenic diet? Why does it do that? Why does it create ketones?
00:06:42
chrisyzen
Or what what does it cause the body to create ketones very very simply? it mimics starvation, okay? Go on pubmed dot.org where the all the studies are archived, find the study on ketogenic diet and kind of the preamble of the the the paper before they get into you know methods and whatever else. They talk about, so there's a literature review and stuff like that. And oftentimes you will see them literally state the ketogenic diet mimics starvation. That is how they refer to it.
00:07:17
chrisyzen
the ketogenic diet mimics starvation okay now coming back to like a longevity perspective do you think being um ah in a state that mimics starvation is conducive or not conducive to long-term health and to longevity I'll let you answer that I think it's kind of a rhetorical question okay um and then some guys will be like there's a lot of benefit to getting in and out of ketosis cyclically as and they're like that that's straight up you have to believe it as as like your cult leader or your priest is telling you and you have to believe it because that's freaking scripture where there's zero evidence that that's beneficial
00:08:06
chrisyzen
or more beneficial to just eating eating regularly and not stay not not getting into ketosis, right? they That's their theories and postulations that they're putting forward. And you know, certain folks out there, they sell like things that, you know, products that are keto friendly and stuff like that. So it's a little bit that message and that influence is designed to also sell products on the back end without necessarily promoting them super hard and the on the front end. But that's how influence works, right?
00:08:35
chrisyzen
So that's that's all you really need to know when when you go on a low carb diet and that again that can be Super low carb like a keto diet that can be um Atkin style it can be ah low carb paleo low carb ah Carnivore what happens so you're not getting a a lot of carbohydrates from the food that you eat. The brain needs, let's say, 100, 120 grams of glucose per day. The red blood cells, they they only run on glucose. They need about 30 grams per day. And then if you're going to do exercise, if you're going to do certain certain other processes, like the the the nervous system and runs on glucose primarily. So you're going to, no matter how much carbohydrate you eat in a day,
00:09:25
chrisyzen
you're going to need glucose to be created. And how is that glucose created? Well, you either turn um protein into glucose from the diet or protein on your body, in your bones, your tissues, you know, like muscles, I keep saying that, lean tissue, joints, skin, stuff like that. And certain parts of the triglycerides are either The triglyceride, the the fat, the the three fatty acids are are bound together or bound to a glycerol molecule and in the liver two glycerol molecules can be joined together to create um glucose. But that's a very tiny amount of glucose that can be made from these triglycerides. So when you break down fat,
00:10:13
chrisyzen
or when you eat fat, the the fatty acids can be used for various purposes, maybe to make ketones, maybe to become parts of cells, signaling molecules, and those glycerol backbones can be used to repackage new triglycerides, fatty acids into triglycerides, or to create glucose in the liver. But it's a very negligible pathway. Now, here's the other thing.

Protein Conversion and Energy Inefficiency

00:10:36
chrisyzen
if you are converting protein this was from a paper then the guys were promoting the keto diet and they were painting it like oh you know it's grand um uh just if you eat more protein that can get turned into glucose so you know you you don't need glucose you don't need carbohydrates but here's the thing and I've said this before in the podcast, ah hunt they were estimating roughly 100 grams of protein will make 50 grams of glucose. What a freaking waste. Imagine you're eating, so you have to eat more than a pound of grass-fed steak to get 100 grams of protein, and then you're gonna freaking waste that to turn it into glucose. Why not just have a couple of tablespoons of honey?
00:11:22
chrisyzen
Jesus Christ, you know, um why and then don't forget it's an expensive process to you wasting energy to to make that glucose because it's very inefficient, right. And then there's the ammonia that gets created that's toxic that takes again nutrients and energy to detoxify puts a stress and a burden on the kidneys. There you go.
00:11:44
chrisyzen
Very optimal, not not at all. Short term, maybe if you're if you're transitioning from a very crappy diet, Western diet, to carnivore, to keto, to low carb, anything that's more intentional, totally fine. Even plant-based is probably better than the Western diet, but that's only for a while. right And here's the thing.

Hypothyroidism Risks in Keto Diets

00:12:02
chrisyzen
There are there was a study I cited in my book where the children were put on this ketogenic diet,
00:12:12
chrisyzen
and within let me just find it here hold on a second so within within within where where is it sorry so okay 20 uh it was uh the the paper was published in 2017 um
00:12:33
chrisyzen
120 children with epilepsy were put on the ketogenic diet. After one month on the diet, eight of those children were were diagnosed with hypothyroidism. After three months, seven more of those children children were diagnosed with hypothyroidism. And at the six month stage, another five were determined to be hypothyroid. So about 16%, 20 out of the 120 children were put on thyroid medication within six months of commencing a ketogenic diet. okay Now imagine over a few more months and a few couple of years how much how many more of these children are going to become hypothyroid. Here's the thing. If you think you're in your 40s, 50s, 60s, and you're going to be more resilient than an eight-year-old, seven-year-old child,
00:13:25
chrisyzen
I've got news for you with with all the toxins you've accumulated over the years and all the polyunsaturated fats in your tissues and all the sort of the hormonal milieu being so so much more on the stress side, you know cortisol, adrenaline, whereas these kids are so much more in the kind of, they have so so much more capacity to produce these protective hormones like DHEA progesterone, pregnant alone and stuff like that, right? so um Children are can take a hell of a lot more damage and punishment at that age than adults. Point being, this can happen to you even faster, especially if if your health is not optimal to begin with. And i when I was doing the the slow carb and keto stuff, I was doing more blood work back in the day because it was more interesting. And um i my TSH, my thyroid-stimulating hormone,
00:14:20
chrisyzen
at one point almost reached 3, 2.87 I think it was, so it was creeping up over the months and my cholesterol was creeping up, which is a very indicative sign of hypothyroidism, a high cholesterol. And at one point my cholesterol was 300.
00:14:37
chrisyzen
that That will make your your basic doctor down the street, it will make their eyes bleed. They will stick you on 17 different statins, you know? And, you know, people are getting put on freaking statins for having a cholesterol of 205, you know, it's ridiculous.
00:14:54
chrisyzen
So, being hypothyroid is a major reason why a lot of people's cholesterol is on the higher end. And when we say higher end, we're talking 250 and up, having a cholesterol of 200, 210 is in no way, shape or form high, okay?
00:15:11
chrisyzen
um So that's what a low carb diet will do to you. It will make you hypothyroid, hypometabolic over time. That's bad. There was one study in a site in the book. In four days on a keto diet without reducing calories, already you go into a catabolic mode, right? Your insulin level decreases, glucagon increases.
00:15:34
chrisyzen
and your T3 your active thyroid hormone decreases that's in four days without reducing calories right and some of these um carnivore guys low carb keto guys they'll say you don't need as much thyroid hormone when you are ah when you're not eating that many carbs and stuff but here's the thing um maybe that's that's right but If you're hypometabolic, you're going to develop problems over time, right? It's is just look at look at what hypothyroidism is associated with. um Depression,

Limitations of Keto Diet Trials

00:16:09
chrisyzen
constipation, gut problems, ah but ah heart disease, um ah brain sort of diminished cognition and stuff like that. I mean, do you want to do you want to be in that state?
00:16:23
chrisyzen
right for for a diet that has very dubious evidence backing it right so if you look at if you just start um researching this on PubMed, start looking for keto ketogenic diet studies. You will not really find many studies that are more than a year long, you know, some are like maybe up to two, three years long. But a lot of them are like two, three months. And some of them are ah quite a few of the studies I saw were done on athletes, on bodybuilders, on crossfitters. So people, first of all, first of all quite young,
00:16:59
chrisyzen
quite ah genetically, probably gifted and healthy. So these people, and there were soccer players at one time, I think I saw a study. So these people can take a ridiculous amount of punishment before they notice you know deleterious effects. So these short-term trials are freaking useless for for our purposes because we're looking for something that is sustainable long-term, right?
00:17:23
chrisyzen
And we can see with that paper with the hypothyroid children, 20 of 120 being put on medication in sick six months ah or less, it's, come on, come on. And then people, some people were like, but I'm just doing keto to lose weight, but you're not losing weight.
00:17:43
chrisyzen
because of the keto diet you're losing weight because you stopped eating less crap less grains a lot of you know really crappy processed foods the keto diet kind of pushes you to eat more vegetables a little you know a little bit of fruit maybe more meat butter just actual real food cheese nuts not that i recommend nuts or anything but at least it's real food instead of bread and pasta and stuff like that. So is it is it really the keto diet or is it the fact that all that fat in the diet um increases your satiety and you you can eat less and you're reading better food, you're reading less toxic garbage.
00:18:28
chrisyzen
low and behold you feel better and you lose weight oh my god it's magic no it's not magic it's starting to give a damn about your health and making good positive changes so in that in that sense like I said it's a good transition diet anything is better than the Western diet um Then there's, a by the way, there's like ah the three major carnivore doctors out there, to be perfectly honest, I love the three of them. I'm not going to name them or anything, but I love them, all of them. I really, really like them and I tune into them still. And I love how they're dismantling the vegan arguments and all those guys, all those wackos.
00:19:05
chrisyzen
Those emaciated sort of just sad excuses for human beings if you like the one of them dr. Gregor I mean just even like a slight breeze could like end that guy, you know, it's just ridiculous So the carnivore guys are doing a great job pushing back on this disgusting plant-based agenda and But I've also noticed two of them are missing the lateral one-third of their eyebrows, which is a classic sign in the functional medicine space. It's well known. Excuse me. That's a classic sign of hypothyroidism. And then the other one,
00:19:43
chrisyzen
just has really aged really really a lot in the last few years but i think that's more because he's just really active and out in the sun all day but that's just a clear sign that too much exercise is gonna be is bad for longevity and i'm gonna have a whole chapter on that in the next volume of the how to actually live longer series on movement and exercise for longevity um But the the basic gist of it here, spoiler alert, is don't overexert yourself. It's very simple. right There's a very, very fine line between a little bit of pushing the body a little bit so it makes favorable adaptations, and then straight up stressing it. Imagine like you you wake up in the morning and then you go straight to the gym without even having breakfast.
00:20:35
chrisyzen
that Maybe you can do that when you're 20, 30. And maybe even when you're 40 and 50, the problem is when you're 40 and 50 at that point, you've probably just adapted to the stress. So being well adapted to a lot of stress like an athlete, that doesn't mean you are healthy and you're going to live a long time.
00:20:53
chrisyzen
Right and a lot of these athletes. Oh my god. I saw one guy He's I think it's like a triathlon world record holder or something like that and the guy was like 27 He looked like he's 40 40 plus. Oh my god. when I saw this guy i was like Jesus Christ 27 I I didn't think he's it like I thought he was like um late 30s and He looked really bad for someone in in in his late 30s as well on top of that, right? So but anyway So these carnivore guys they they look very healthy muscular and whatever else but I'm also worried about Because they all the these three guys that I'm talking about they're also kind of quite physically active So they're also putting a lot of
00:21:42
chrisyzen
They're putting a lot of demands on glucose creation in their body, which is again driven by stress hormones, gluconeogenesis in the liver. So I'm like, could it be that maybe they just have certain genetic adaptations that allow them to to do this and and and do this well?
00:21:59
chrisyzen
um because they're they're very muscular, very lean and and kind of stuff like that. So I don't like to throw around the genetic, there may be just genetically more, you know, ah have a more favorable genetics. I don't like to throw that around because using genetics is a major cop-out and I don't want to i don't want to set any precedence in that regard.
00:22:19
chrisyzen
but one of them he'll be like well look at the Inuit you know they just they were you know eating um just whale seal blubber and stuff and they're fine right so this anytime anyone throws the Inuit and the Eskimo um argument just tell them to look up what is the Inuit life expectancy and from what I've seen it's 10 to 15 years shorter than the average Canadian so it doesn't exactly if they were like really thriving and like living a long time um you know I would maybe but accept that and kind of entertain that argument but
00:23:03
chrisyzen
they their life expectancy has been increasing even though they were eating more processed sugar and the spoils of the modern world it's just not increasing as much as the Canadians, right? So ah it's, to me, this whole argument with the Inuit is a non-starter. They're like, life expects it like 70 years old or something like that. So not not exactly a longevity argument. it's yeah it's ah It's an argument that, yes, you can survive with this kind of diet. You can survive
00:23:37
chrisyzen
But are you going to thrive, right?

Inuit Diet and Genetic Factors

00:23:40
chrisyzen
Then what's also interesting about the Inuit is that they have a mutation in a gene, CPT1A, I think it's carnitine palmitoleal transferase, something like that.
00:23:54
chrisyzen
which basically impairs their ability to create ketones, right? So that means that they were not in ketosis even when eating only meat and seal blubber. And maybe my my kind of sort of hunch is maybe so they were doing more gluconeogenesis. So maybe that is a place in part why they live less um less long because again gluconeogenesis is is stressful on the body, right? It's an inefficient process and it's driven by glucagon, stress hormones like cortisol and so on, okay? Then if you if you're gonna, um so, you know, were sometimes we hear these ancestral things like, oh, but we just used to hunt meat and that's all we could do. but
00:24:44
chrisyzen
First of all, with no proof that we were just eating meat, just like we don't have proof that we were there's no cultures ever found alive, at least today, that we're eating only plants. i Similarly, we don't have all cultures use both. right And then if we're going to believe the The whole evolution thing that we were first in the equator and then we moved out and and and about around the world. Well, that means that fruit sugar was likely our primary source of fuel for millions of years. And again, if you look at what.
00:25:19
chrisyzen
enzymes we express as humans we can express carbohydrate digesting enzymes like amylase in our saliva and in our digestive tract um or rather from the pancreas sorry then we also sucrose for sucrose which is table sugar maltase and obviously a lot of us have the lactose gene for the lactase the lactase gene for the lactase enzyme right so this is clear evidence that starches and fruit sugars um were a part of our diet. I mean, we have freaking genes and enzymes for them, right? So any of these guys that are like very extreme in their view that sugar is a poison, carbohydrates are poison,
00:26:06
chrisyzen
You don't need any exogenous carbohydrates because we can create them ourselves. That's another thing, right? There's a lot of things in the diet that are quote-unquote non-essential, including amino acids and and other stuff, right? So just because they're non-essential does not mean they're not um beneficial, first of all. And non-essential generally means, you know in this sense, physiological sense,
00:26:32
chrisyzen
non-essential means we can produce it right so we can produce glycine the amino acid for example or taurine right um so they're deemed ah so glycine is a non-essential amino acid okay but that doesn't mean that we're producing enough of it on a daily basis in the body that doesn't mean that adding a bunch of it from the diet It's not going to be beneficial. So there's a lot of things. So to to make something an essential substance, it must not be able to the body, the body must not be able to make it like things like certain vitamins, certain amino acids, like, you know, methionine, for example, stuff like that. So these must come from the diet. And then the rest we can kind of rebuild and recycle and repurpose a lot of them. But that doesn't mean
00:27:23
chrisyzen
that adding more is not going to be beneficial and it just goes back to glucose because it maintains our brain and our nervous system it seems like the body has a lot of different ways to make it because it's so essential so if you run out of one substrate you then have a backup and then a backup on the backup it's like if you know if you're running ah some kind of a business where electricity is so important to your business you might have obviously the power grid but then you might have solar panels and then maybe um you know lithium bath batteries if if the power goes out as a backup and then if if there's no sun or it's nighttime and the batteries run out then you might have like a gas generator
00:28:10
chrisyzen
to hold you over until the next day or until the power comes back so multiple points of sort of failure are accounted for and glucose seems to be so important that that's what the body is doing right instead of oh we can create ourselves that there therefore we don't need it well there's a bunch of amino acids and and fatty acids that we can create in the body, that doesn't mean that we shouldn't eat them. Because if if you're gonna think it that way, then all you need to do is eat protein. But a high protein diet will freaking kill you, right? If it's too high protein for too long.
00:28:47
chrisyzen
So again, just I know I wasn't going to talk about carbohydrates too much here, but just zoom out on our history a little bit, a few hundred years, a few thousand years.

Carbohydrates and Historical Diets

00:28:58
chrisyzen
We were eating carbs for millennia and sugar for hundreds of years. And we just did not have all of these, ah the obesity epidemic, you know, diabetes, autoimmune disease, all those Alzheimer's disease, all the heart disease. that's let's ah Last hundred and ten twenty years type of phenomenon. Yeah, the first recorded heart attack was 1912 So this stuff is It's not the carbs guys, it's not the carbs it's not that I keep saying that you know um So basically the carbohydrate diet or the the the low carbohydrate diet the ketogenic diet if you're healthy You don't need to do them, right?
00:29:44
chrisyzen
people so I know some people have been able to get good results because of the satiety factor of more protein more fat so if it works for a certain goal like losing weight for a while then to you know to maybe reverse diabetes or something like that right or whatever it again as a as an intervention it it does have applicability the keto diet for various neurological type things and stuff like that like epilepsy and whatever else but if you're healthy and you just want to live a long life and and remain healthy, you don't need it. In fact, all of this extra cortisol, um it's going to it's going to just be shortening your life because we know that cortisol ages us, degenerates us, and it is ah a feature of most diseases and health conditions that we can think of. Cancer, depression, so physical, psychological diseases,
00:30:43
chrisyzen
and conditions So why would we want to eat in a way that increases our cortisol and our stress hormones, that puts a burden on the body?
00:30:54
chrisyzen
if you're young and you don't feel it and you can cope with it that's one thing that' that's why a lot of these influencers now that are promoting these diets they're super young super healthy and a lot of them clearly are taking you know certain quite a lot of supplementals if you know what I mean and not necessarily steroids but you know they can afford peptides and stem cells and stuff like that so For normal people, for the normal person out there that maybe just wants to take a few supplements and eat well, the you completely unnecessary, these low carb things, they over a long enough timeline, I believe most people are gonna do poorly with this kind of diet. And um just just as an example, when when I started eating more carbohydrates again after I brainwashed myself from the low carb stuff,
00:31:52
chrisyzen
my eyesight improved so much at one point this was after we had our baby so there was a lot of obviously stress and stuff like that and our diet slipped for a little bit but um Absolutely. I just felt at one point almost it was quite quite a market change in over the course of like weeks as I increased the carbohydrate intake. A lot of things improved obviously sleep and stuff like that and mood and whatever else because a lot of people don't correlate. If you I feel like cranky, hangry, this kind of stuff. It's not just people are or giving you a hard time and things and life is tough and stuff like that. A lot of it has to do
00:32:37
chrisyzen
with blood sugar regulation. This is something I teach my clients very quickly, very early on how to get a grip on. So you're not sleeping crap because of XYZ. Life isn't, not everything is out to get you. It's because when you're low carbonate up and maybe intermittent fasting it up,
00:32:58
chrisyzen
cortisol and the the other stress hormones are Amping you up and it's a shitty feeling to be on cortisol to be running on cortisol and adrenaline That's why you're a bit more short with people you're a bit more snappy stuff like that So anyway, hope you found this interesting I'll end it here um Yeah, ah there's a lot more to be said on this topic, but I'll i'll leave it for another time. Thank you for tuning in