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Episode 8: Building a 700 Watt Tube Amp
141 Plays1 month ago
In this episode of Amplified Nonsense, hosts Chris Benson of Benson Amps, Bryan Sours of Soursound Audio Works, and Charles Henry of Silktone Amplifiers talk about the new Silktone Expander pedal, the issues Bryan and Chris have discovered while designing a 700 watt tube amp, and more. They also answer a voicemail question from Ryan Burke of 60 Cycle Hum about 10-inch speakers.
If you'd like Bryan, Charles, and Chris to answer your question on an episode of Amplified Nonsense, call (513) 334-3803 and leave a voicemail.
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Transcript
Introduction to Amplified Nonsense
00:00:08
Speaker
Welcome to Amplified Nonsense, a podcast that's increasingly about amplifiers, but is largely an excuse for three amp experts to hang out and answer your random voicemail questions.
00:00:19
Speaker
Your hosts are Charles Henry of Silktone, Chris Benson of Vincent Amps, and Brian Sowers of Sour Sound Audio Works. My name is Emily and I'm just here to keep these three on track.
00:00:31
Speaker
And before I get too far into this episode, you can call in and leave your own voicemail for the guys to answer 513-334-3803. That's 513-334-3803. Please call and leave questions the voicemail. All right, let's turn it over the guys. How
Charles' Exhausting Day and Product Launch
00:00:42
Speaker
are y'all doing? Charles, hear you had big launch today.
00:00:46
Speaker
please call and leave your questions on the voicemail all right let's turn it over to the guys how are y'all doing charles i hear you had a big launch today would you make, Charles?
00:00:57
Speaker
ah The expander. Charles, are you completely brain dead from your launch day? Because I get really brain dead on launch days. Dude, I'm so brain dead. I'm like, not only was it a launch day which it went great, it's awesome, but I'm also leaving the country tomorrow morning. So like, I'm like extra crazy because I'm prepping for a trip and stuff and then trying to do launch stuff and stay up with emails and generating shipping labels and all that stuff. Well, congratulations. Maybe we can talk a little bit more about the expander when you are less brain fried.
Unique Pedal Creation and Feedback
00:01:33
Speaker
I'll give it a quick little shout out, but I i suck at selling my own stuff because I either rant or make no sense. And um it's i don't I was talking to Dave from Nonhuman about this earlier, and I started the pedal with an idea and I ran with it and it sounded cool.
00:01:49
Speaker
And then I voiced it and got it perfect. And in the end was like, what the just happened? I don't know why it sounds so unique and cool no matter what you do with it, but I've gotten overwhelming like feedback from everyone that has like, they all have such different playing styles, but they're all like, holy crap, this is one of the like funnest, most unique, simple pedals I've played in a long time. So people ask me why, and I'm like, yeah,
00:02:19
Speaker
It just kinda ended up that way. I know what's happening. There's a really unique harmonic content in it. Sours, when I was talking to Brian, he he said there's almost too many harmonics.
00:02:31
Speaker
um And it just makes everything better. Yeah, it's it's a lot. It kinda reminds me of, it you know you know what? like It didn't click with me right away.
00:02:42
Speaker
And then we were listening to some psych rock record. ah while working and I was like, oh my God, it's that pedal, like this context, not not that it was the sound, but the it's the context.
00:02:56
Speaker
This is how, right, this is how I need to use this. and And that was before I even knew, before you mentioned about it being like an always on thing, but. it's It's different, and I think that's the crucial thing.
00:03:09
Speaker
You know, it's a crowded crowded market. it's ah It's a crowded world, and yeah, you people want to hear your stuff. They want to hear Chris's stuff. they don't want to hear, like, you know. The same old thing. A silk tone labeled tube screamer.
00:03:22
Speaker
This doesn't have diodes, right? No, no diodes. That's probably why it sounds unique. Will walk us through the the basic circuit blocks? I mean, people love that stuff, and you know obviously we want to know what you did.
00:03:34
Speaker
Yeah, hell yeah. the um So it started out as a two-stage design, and it was just a super dirty JFET input stage. um It's basically just a second harmonic generator.
00:03:47
Speaker
No matter what you put into it, there's just a ton of second harmonic. So even the clean tones, like it's distorted technically, like there's distortion on them in that the waveform changes, but it's not clipping, you know, it just makes everything sound colorful and pretty and cool.
00:04:03
Speaker
And that drives into... a germanium pnp stage and which is basically a range master topology just tweaked and voiced totally different but um just simple like it's just a simple fixed bias like the simplest pnp stage you can get and um that sounded rad by itself, but I hated it when the volume was turned down. if it wasn't smashing into the first tube of my amp, i it was just stupid. So I almost didn't include a volume control, but I knew I would get way too many emails. So I put another JFED stage at the end that is voiced to sound like the first tube stage of my silk tone amp.
00:04:46
Speaker
So the germanium stage is constantly smashing max gain the um the last JFED, and then you can control volume on the output after that stage. So it's kind of like a like an amp emulated first stage thing, but and it's just different. And all of them together just became completely just the balance and the gain staging on it was it was wild. I'm not trying to sell it now. I'm just talking to you guys.
00:05:12
Speaker
about how cool it was like walking through it. I hooked it up to that. Like you guys have those um or Chris, I think you use a different method, but I know Brian has that QA analyzer thing, like the spectrum analyzer that shows you all the.
00:05:28
Speaker
Quant Asylum. Quant Asylum. Yeah. Do you use one of those, Chris? For frequency stuff, I have my own kind of logic thing that I use. And then I also have like a audio analyzer box for THD. Not that I ever use it for that.
00:05:45
Speaker
What did you see on the ah um analyzer? It was just sick. So I voiced it by ear first and then I kind of fine-tuned it. And i wanted to... That's why I like using the analyzers and stuff is like...
00:06:00
Speaker
finding what I like by ear, but then seeing why all that stuff is, like what is happening on the frequency spectrum. It is really fun to see why things sound the way they do.
00:06:13
Speaker
Yeah, yeah. And then I was able to really lean into what was making it good and that it just like brought it to a whole other place. And yeah, that was really cool. But what I was seeing was um i was really surprised that with this pedal more than my other ones that I hooked up and analyzed, wherever the gain knob is, and especially with the um the input level going into the pedal, the harmonic context was like,
00:06:42
Speaker
completely different set to low gain. It's like super high second harmonic and like very low third and like practically no fourth. um And then as you as you hit the front end harder, it changes and becomes like third harmonic dominant.
00:07:00
Speaker
past a certain gain level. And yeah, I thought that was rad. I'd never really seen that before. but That's pretty common for most things when you when you clip them. It starts with the second and moves on to the third.
00:07:12
Speaker
So sort of like overdriving the front end of a dance. Yeah, just because, yeah, as it starts to square wave out and get super clipped, yeah, you're getting the third harmonic just, like, totally saturated.
00:07:24
Speaker
This one does it... This one did it in a way different character than the other pedals I hooked up, though. So, yeah, I need to play with the testing more because it's really... ah It's really fun. It's really kind of enlightening on checking it works.
00:07:38
Speaker
Well, that's what I was going to say. why Why are you in a hotel room on your way to Japan? You should... Stop, just quit going to Japan, go home, turn the audio analyzer on, and take some snapshots of what the thing does and show us.
00:07:53
Speaker
Yeah, I should. I should have taken some some some video of of me playing with that thing. I'll do that It's launch day, man It's a cop out. Where are you going? ah Yeah. Brian is a marketing genius.
00:08:05
Speaker
yeah You need to save something for the sustain. Yeah. Got to have stuff to talk about when I get back home. ah How about ah Chris and Brian? Anything new with you all?
Designing a High-Wattage Amplifier
00:08:17
Speaker
I spent all day talking to Brian. It's funny because I wouldn't say that I spent all day talking to you. No, I mean, I talked to a bunch of other people too. So everyone says Brian to me now.
00:08:28
Speaker
we ah We went through a lot of ah protection scheme ideas for big bottle outputs and lots of them. ah we We're allowed to talk about this, right?
00:08:41
Speaker
I got the A-OK from the entity that shall not be named that ordered this crazy thing. The the Catholic church. That's what you're saying.
00:08:51
Speaker
yeah All right. We won't talk about them. I didn't say it, but yeah, basically our converse, our conversation was do we take 14 KT 88 keep the thing going?
00:09:04
Speaker
keep the thing going when one melts down or try to not melt them down or indicate to a user that one is melting down. I mean, you got 14 power tubes and a whole grip of current. And yeah, we were just kind of like, ah where where do we start? Where do we begin?
00:09:24
Speaker
You know? what What are you guys talking about? Well, Brian and I, we're we're we're designing a 700 watt guitar amplifier. We got sucked into a K-hole and at the bottom of it found found the maximum output wattage of a tube amplifier that could be possibly ran. We don't even know for sure.
00:09:48
Speaker
Possibly ran. This is theoretical? This is theoretical? um No, this is going to be very real. Well, it's going to be real, but right now it's theoretically it's as powerful as a tube amp can be.
00:10:00
Speaker
It's as powerful as a tube amp can be that's plugged into 120 volts normal power, like 15 amps. Hopefully. We were you were going to make it louder. we were going to make it like a thousand, and then we realized we'd have to run it at like 220 volts, like off a dryer. Yeah.
00:10:18
Speaker
Basically, we started working on it, and we started just kind of the idea. And very quickly, the question was, how the hell do we power this thing? You know, and I'm sitting there in my shop and I've, you know, I've got a 20 amp 240, you know, and I'm like, well, I mean, that's how we do it. And kind of had this like really quick, very brief discussion where I said, hey, why don't we make an amp that can only be plugged in to an industrial ah locations power outlet? And Chris was like, that's stupid. No,
00:10:51
Speaker
just Just shut that down immediately. And then it was kind of like, hey, let's do some math and figure out what's the biggest amp that we could theoretically make. Wait, it won't be theory at some point, but actually you know make that would not set a house completely on fire.
00:11:10
Speaker
And a lot of like the design ideas are kind of based on, well, if it pushes past that, we're fine because the breaker will trip. Yeah. I was just thinking that you're going to you're going to trip a bunch of breakers, the blues breaker. Well, inrush, inrush has been the the craziest thing.
00:11:28
Speaker
I mean, at one point I figured i did like really bad math and kind of came to a rough, numbers saying that when you'd flip the thing off standby, which in the design would be turning on a second power transformer, ah when you take it off standby, it was like 100 amp of inrush or something crazy like that. And I'm like, cool, the thing doesn't even work. And then I did the same calculations just for the heaters.
00:11:54
Speaker
And i'm like, oh, I mean, we smoke our line just on the heaters alone. Inrush, inrush, of course. So, which for people at home is the, ah it's the current draw that happens when you first turn the thing on, when everything's cold and and wants all the current it can possibly get. The caps are discharged, the tube filaments are cold.
00:12:16
Speaker
Everything will draw more current than it does when it's actually, heated up or charged up or operational. um But yeah, the inrush was just brutal.
00:12:26
Speaker
So had to figure out, well, how do you deal with that? I've made a lot of high-watted jams, but I've never... I've never had to deal with inrush like this.
00:12:37
Speaker
It's like an empty well and you have to fill the well up to a certain point. And then once you deplete the well, it's much easier to to fill the well again. And with tube heaters, the resistance of the heater changes, because it's just wire at different temperatures. and And basically when it's cold, it wants to draw more current. and And if voltage stays the same, but current goes up, then you effectively have more power.
00:13:04
Speaker
And it's that power that is the problem because Transformer is just doing that equation, power in, power out without all the details. So back on the primary where you actually plug it into the wall, we were figuring that this massive current surge that happens when you first turn the thing on,
00:13:23
Speaker
would just, no, just beyond light up a breaker. I mean, and light up every breaker. you know It was just this insane amount of current. and um It would be like Christmas vacation when he turns on all the lights.
00:13:35
Speaker
Yeah, I mean, no one would get electrocuted, and it would probably happen a lot lot faster. Like, that level of inrush would be so fast that you'd hear the breaker trip as you hear the power switch turn on. It would be so fast.
00:13:52
Speaker
it's This is the dumbest project. It's so sweet. so So you guys are definitely using tube rectification, right?
00:14:02
Speaker
ah Germanium diode, actually. This is going to put me out of business. It's so ridiculous. so Are you going to you the source some heavy-duty cables to include with it, too? Because most of them are only rated at, like, 15 amps, right?
00:14:17
Speaker
Well, we started having that part of the conversation today, too, because you bring up the cable, but finding a connector that can sustain this. Like, I'm arriving on the Neutrik PowerCon stuff. Yeah. Which is, like, you know speak on, but for power. and it Right, right.
00:14:34
Speaker
I think technically an IEC can do it, but we don't want any loss in the cable. There's that Because we won't want power. So we actually agreed multiple power cables are needed. I was thinking that earlier, plugging the separate outlets on different breakers.
00:14:52
Speaker
Yeah, I mean, that was my idea. Like, can we just spec this thing? Like, you have to plug it ah against two different phases of power. but power transformer primary and will only accept balanced power or something, you know? Well, I mean, that wouldn't work, but you know what I mean. Like, two phases of power and...
00:15:11
Speaker
And that's what i mean ah where I was originally at with this was this like 240, 20 amp, or you know just 240, we're fine. I mean, with the primary at 240, for the same amount of power, our voltage goes up, our current goes down.
00:15:24
Speaker
So we have half as much current running it at 240. So really, we're building an amp that we can only sell to Europeans, but it's probably illegal for them to purchase. we Maybe we should just go back to 220 and sell it with a 1200 watt Kamatsu generator.
00:15:43
Speaker
Oh my God. Design an amp that's designed only to be ran on a generator. That is so heinous. oh still External dual power supply.
00:15:54
Speaker
I mean, so much of this is just an exercise in ah absurdity. what do you do about the heat? Well, it's it's going okay it's going to a city that's notorious for very cold winters. Oh, good.
00:16:05
Speaker
So it's fine. So it's in Canada. It should be good. Yes, exactly. yeah it would actually be the the loudest guitar amp in all of the continent of Antarctica. um But...
00:16:18
Speaker
Yeah, so we got to go like at least two power cables, if not three. Like I said, exercise in absurdity. You know, when I started running calculations of what the heater current would be, if you put all the tubes in parallel, one string of seven, i think it was the one string was like 40.
00:16:34
Speaker
forty s Chris, you remember it was like 43 amps or something? It was something like that. It was so ridiculous. And so, you know, just the heater transformer alone, i can't, I mean, that's like five sections of the same winding put in parallel.
00:16:50
Speaker
you know, at best. Like, your your wire size has to be so huge for that current handling. So... You're going to put in safety... Are you going to put in safety switching so they all have to be plugged in to operate?
00:17:01
Speaker
Because will fry. ah We're not there yet. i I... I brought the idea of having lamps on each of the power cable sockets, like the power plugs.
00:17:12
Speaker
And so, like, the lamps turn on, like... good idea. The lamps are on you are safe, you know? Yeah, yeah. Yeah, we're going to have to do ah two poles switching on the power.
00:17:23
Speaker
Yes, that's the way to do it is that with the amount of current that we're looking, I haven't even thought about that. Like, do we have to use a triaxe? to switch the current.
00:17:36
Speaker
I mean, again, the inrush limiting should, we're trying not to blow a 20 amp line, obviously, and they make 20 amp switches. So we'll probably have to get like a, I mean, they make, this should be 15 amps. Like you should be able to plug this into one plug. I don't want to but you should be able to, right?
00:17:54
Speaker
ah Hopefully. We'll see.
00:17:59
Speaker
Yeah, Chris brings up a good point. You just set it up so that, you know, you use one side of each plug and then paralleled internal. That's a great idea. i was thinking there's these four pole single throw switches ah that are all 20 amp rated. So you put two in parallel and you get a 40 amp switch. Right. Or there's running triax and having remote switching, which I don't really want to do, but.
00:18:21
Speaker
The inrush system is is we have to use these, we basically have to use 100 watts of resistors in the primary of each power transformer.
00:18:32
Speaker
And those resistors will cut the current on inrush. And then once the secondary, one of the the rectified secondaries charges up, it'll flip a relay.
00:18:43
Speaker
And there's these like, big chassis mount industrial relays we have to use for this because they have to be like you know 40 amp that we gotta have safety margins so they're like the It's going to only idle at like six or seven amp, right? yeah Yeah, yeah.
00:18:59
Speaker
So it's like plugging in like a skill saw. It might pull close to 15 amps for a little while and then it's going to go down. so I'm not too worried about it. Unless someone turns it up to 700.
00:19:14
Speaker
Well, yeah. Yes. I don't think that can happen for too long though. It's just going to loud and clean. I mean, it's going to exist. Isn't that good enough? Yeah, kind of. What kind of speakers are you going to put in it?
00:19:27
Speaker
um The plan right now is to run four separate Marshall 412 cabinets in parallel at minimum. Can you repeat that? Four Marshall 412s.
00:19:40
Speaker
Wow. The Marshall amp wall is just going to be this amp. I mean, like, mean, people run 100-watt amps on full stacks. I think... even Even four 412s is going to be it's it's going to be a lot.
00:19:58
Speaker
A lot for even those cabinets, for sure. Yeah, they're gonna they're going to have to be 200-watt rated cabinets. um I mean, we haven't even talked about speaker cable configurations yet. I mean, you better believe that ain't going to be quarter-inch. No way.
00:20:13
Speaker
it's So, were users tired of having a business? No.
00:20:20
Speaker
but No, so here's the funny part. It may be bad for Benson, but it's great for me. So I figured out the Transformers. I'm going to write that down for our negotiations tomorrow. It's ah it's over 75 pounds of Transformers.
00:20:36
Speaker
Oh, my God. yeah it's great for me. I can't wait to see what it looks like. Yeah, me too. This is so foolish. It's pretty funny.
00:20:48
Speaker
Yeah. I mean, it'll be rad. Again, as long as the inrush is dealt with, it should run. There's no reason why not. We have the technology.
00:20:59
Speaker
Dude, it's a great exercise in extravagancy. It's like that Seymour Duncan 111,000 DCR they made for fun that's wild I watched the video yeah of that. It didn't sound half bad until like a preamp distortion amp. I was expecting it to sound worse.
00:21:18
Speaker
I was expecting it to sound real worse when you said it was 111 and not Text typo.
00:21:24
Speaker
text typo You know, the best thing about this project is because it's so extreme and specialized, Brian isn't trying to throw a bunch of like weird bomb killer design stuff into it anymore because we have actual problems to solve.
00:21:46
Speaker
That's my nickname from all these people is the the the bomb killer. so ah the but Bomb being bill of materials. um Before anyone gets too excited. I tend to look at a circuit and say, hey, we can do it 10% better. It'll cost 150% more. Yeah, this is just, no, you just have to get it done.
00:22:08
Speaker
Yeah, it's it's a different approach. It's good. It's it's healthy for me. All right, we only have time for one question today, but if you would like your question featured on Amplified Nonsense, you can call in and leave
Speaker Size Preferences: 10-inch vs 12-inch
00:22:19
Speaker
a voicemail 513-334-3803.
00:22:19
Speaker
five one three three three four three eight zero three That's why most amps, excuse me,
00:22:27
Speaker
zero three
00:22:30
Speaker
hey guys it's ryan from sixty cycle hum i'm a big fan of tenant speakers i was wondering why most amps excuse me Seeing the default to 12-inch speakers is not mostly a marketing thing because most people just accept 12-inch speakers as the default option, or is there a reason why 12-inch speakers are preferred? Thanks, guys.
00:22:59
Speaker
Can I? Can I? Can I? I think we all should do it. Okay, here's my theory on 10 and 12 inch speakers. i I am actually a fan of some 10 inch speakers, especially if they're vintage, especially in some vintage amps.
00:23:15
Speaker
And if they made really good 10 inch speakers, I would probably be using a lot more. But people seem to focus on 12 inch speakers because of because that's what all the guitar heroes focused on, right?
00:23:30
Speaker
i've That's kind of the industry standard. So 10 inch speaker selection is very limited, which is why i use mostly 12s in my bigger apps instead of like doing four 10s and stuff like that.
00:23:44
Speaker
I just think the quality is better. It's more competitive. Yeah. The, uh, you look like you have an interesting take, Brian. He just doesn't like them. Like that doesn't mean anything. I absolutely hate 10 inch speakers for a guitar.
00:23:58
Speaker
I think you people are crazy. Uh, That being said, Chris's points are valid. And i will offer up some hypocrisy here and say that there are a couple off the my head, 10-inch speakers that I've heard that were fantastic.
00:24:17
Speaker
I think Oxford made it, but the brown Fender 10, that was in the concert, the brown concert. And I think it was used in, no, brown the blonde Tremolux would have been a tone ring cabinet.
00:24:30
Speaker
But that 10, that brown 10 is fantastic sounding. Unique cone, just just a fantastic sounding speaker. Nothing like that nowadays. The CTS Alnico 10, kind of a garbage speaker.
00:24:43
Speaker
Love it. It was a really good speaker. You know, Eminence made those blue ones I thought were were decent. Nothing really like that around. Not anymore. Those Marshall 8x10 guitar cabinets, those are kind of cool, but...
00:24:56
Speaker
Yeah, overall 10-inch speakers, like I would never design an amp and put a 10 in it. And I think Chris's point kind of hits it. There just isn't a selection of, to me, soulful, good-sounding speakers in 10s that have character that I want to you know use with something.
00:25:13
Speaker
I think you're both right. Yeah, i think I think all of the current modern off-the-shelf 10s that I tried were garbage. And... then The Selecion Gold is okay.
00:25:25
Speaker
The Gold 10, the Alnico thing, it's fine. I didn't like any other ones, and that's why I made my own. And with the Echo Knot, I think another reason people don't use them is people think that 12s sound way bigger, but 10s can handle all the frequencies of a guitar just fine.
00:25:44
Speaker
People don't know how to design cabs for them, I feel like. I don't know. But most 10 speakers I've i've heard... sound super tiny or boxy and have terrible cabs.
00:25:55
Speaker
Usually the intent of them is to have like a smaller, i'm talking about single tens, but like a smaller footprint. So they end up just sounding constrained and weird and and just really tiny compared to a much better 12.
00:26:10
Speaker
But with the Echo Knot, I tried a lot of different speakers and and hated most of them. So ended up voicing my own. The combination with that cab was insane. they it goes that It goes flat to 40 hertz. Like, it sounds bigger than a lot of 12-inch amps I've heard.
00:26:26
Speaker
i kind of think you have, for especially 10-inch, you actually have to voice the cabinet itself to match the speaker. um Because there's just too many variables. We use pallets and pallets of the ah Celestian 10-inch. So many, like in the Nathan Jr. and the Vinnie Reverb amps.
00:26:44
Speaker
And i I really like those speakers, but in the wrong cabinet, they don't sound... very good like i actually like tuned the cabinet to those speakers and to me tuning the cabinet specifically like the uh surface area of the gap in the back and open back cabinet makes such a huge difference like yeah half inch one inch can make a totally different sounding guitar amp it's crazy yeah it's wild my my little 10 inch trombo goes lower than any of my 12s like by a whole octave because yeah i spent a lot of time tuning that cab and um
00:27:19
Speaker
The just the way it roll, the way it works with that speaker that's in there. Like, I really like tens because they're so fast. Like, I think they have more clarity and more punch and they just have a really fast sound. It's really cool.
00:27:33
Speaker
So when you can reinforce that low end and and get it all back and make it sound big. Also, it's kind of like the best of everything, I feel like. Yeah. I love, yeah, love.
00:27:44
Speaker
mean, that output transformer helps with that too, for sure. For sure. The output transformer, well, talking about the Echo Knot again, we use M6 on it and everything to get it right. Didn't, didn't we end up going to M6? Yeah, it's more, it's, yeah, it's M6. It's also less turns, more core, smaller shim.
00:28:03
Speaker
We try to get that, that thump in the bump. And it's parallel single-ended output on the Echo Knot. So it's super low impedance. Yeah, so the primary impedance is lower because the yeah the source impedance is lower, which means your inductance gets you further.
00:28:17
Speaker
Yeah, so it doesn't it doesn't roll off too low. It it allows the cabin speaker to really, really get down there. It's it's cool. So, yeah, I agree with you guys where like most modern sucks, but tens by them, you know, just like the genre of 10 inch speaker.
00:28:35
Speaker
I love them. I like it. i like it more than 12s. I'd take a 210 over a single 12 any day. Now I think you're crazy. Yeah, I think you're nuts.
00:28:47
Speaker
Like, I want to end the show on that so that everybody knows how crazy you are. Like, what? Yeah. ah steve yeahre You're out of the show. Thank you for listening to this episode of Amplified Nonsense.
00:29:01
Speaker
Our goal is to release a new episode every other week, so please subscribe wherever you listen. If you have a question for Brian, Charles, and Chris about amps, pop culture, or relationships, please call five one three three three four three eight zero three and leave a voicemail.
00:29:19
Speaker
If you enjoyed this episode of Amplified Nonsense, please leave a rating and review. Thanks again, and we'll see you soon.