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L’exploitation minière artisanale et l’inclusion des femmes
30 Plays1 month ago
Invitées : Pascaline Balbine Makani, présidente de l’Association des femmes du secteur minier du Cameroun, et Rosine Atafeinam Abalo, présidente de l’Association des femmes du secteur minier et en entreprise du Togo, et vice-présidente d’AWIMA (African Women in Mining Association)
Le podcast Pardon My Planet présente sa première série en français, consacrée aux partenariats entre l’Afrique et l’Europe autour des matières premières critiques. À travers trois épisodes, cette série explore les enjeux de souveraineté, d’inclusion, et de développement durable dans le secteur minier africain.
Le secteur de l’exploitation minière artisanale et à petite échelle (EMAPE) représente aujourd’hui la première source d’emploi minier au monde, avec plus de 45 millions de personnes. En Afrique, 13,4 millions de femmes y travaillent, souvent dans l’ombre, avec peu de reconnaissance. Cet épisode met en lumière leurs rôles essentiels, les défis spécifiques qu’elles rencontrent, et les leviers pour rendre ce secteur plus inclusif et mieux intégré aux politiques de développement.
Retrouvez plus d'informations sur lgi.earth/fr/podcast
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Transcript
Welcome to Pardon My Planet
00:00:10
Speaker
Welcome to this new episode of Pardon My Planet.
The ASM Sector: World's Largest Mining Entity
00:00:13
Speaker
jau no a was genue bla jeancur and sickor done ah ba for genjire I'm a According to the report published State of the ASM Sector Report on the site delvedatabase.org, which gives the status of the EMAP in Africa, it is a sector that is today the largest mining company in the world, with nearly 45 million people working in rural areas and in the rural areas.
Economic Potential and Gender Dynamics in Mining
00:00:42
Speaker
suvan and dean rial defavo is Under these numbers, there are human realities, huge challenges, but also economic potential. however, 13,4 million women working, so about 30% of work, probably estimated due to lack of information and precision.
00:01:01
Speaker
Even though they play a
00:01:13
Speaker
And today have the terrain specialists.
Balbine Pascaleine Makanyonga: A Personal Perspective
00:01:17
Speaker
Balbine Pascaleine Makanyonga, who is the associate from the fa sector minie du kamabu e roin ahbalo keep crazy don the family sector min yeah won his utugo a vice president the sector
00:01:45
Speaker
And what exactly
Artisanal Mining's Global Impact
00:01:48
Speaker
is it? The mining, artisanal and appétit gel MAP are very important for Africa. It's about 20% of the world's production gold, 80% of the colored pierces and one-quarter of the world's production of the tent and the tain.
00:02:01
Speaker
To come back to the
Diversity in Mining Practices Across Africa
00:02:07
Speaker
say on it. So it's a very variant of country to another.
00:02:21
Speaker
the level of the mechanism, the size of the exploitation, annual production or commercial quantities. I would like to with you more and more in talking about Cameroon, which know better. Here, the definition of mapping also
00:02:50
Speaker
a lacianna mines and mi mecha key adeja azjute in certain machinery. are the are the machines lavage. e lu disengo artle de seco la premer reseration al maa sono el la suone in personality morale but the
00:03:12
Speaker
So you see that even in Cameroon, the artisanat minier It has no definition to
Mechanization and Community Involvement
00:03:19
Speaker
clear. It is really distinct from the small mines, which is an industrial activity Cameroon, which is based on the justification existence of judgment.
00:03:41
Speaker
you automatically fall from one activity to another. So, in Ethiopia, it's the level of mechanicalization, like Cameroon, and
00:03:59
Speaker
There are some biological knowledge inexistence.
MAP Mobility and Community Impact
00:04:01
Speaker
We can work without start-up capital. de depa We know also that is the the group
00:04:44
Speaker
who put in the sand to find their own lives. Another important thing to say is that the MAP is mobile. They depend most of the time from the streets and the roads. he like conson travis some criquet e some dangerous performance are you e lapiba The assist in conflicts in all kinds, especially between the local property and the local communities.
00:05:06
Speaker
did for What we can say is that the MAP is very important for Africa. Why?
00:05:15
Speaker
the 10 million people involved in Africa. There are more than 50 million people who are associated, even if they don't work directly.
MAP's Economic Importance and Rural Poverty Alleviation
00:05:30
Speaker
You this is
00:05:43
Speaker
We realize that the be
00:06:01
Speaker
It reduces the rural areas, it is a moreover income to families. and that contributes to the national economy.
Integration Challenges and Formalization Needs
00:06:09
Speaker
So are aware that at the local level and at the state level, our African countries, the MAPE is very important.
00:06:21
Speaker
So, in regards to that, going to turn to Rosine. According to sector especially, to its integration in the chain of values?
00:06:41
Speaker
If I still want to go back to what she said about the the the or community, or perhaps in the capital.
00:07:00
Speaker
And so, the miners are struggling to connect with the and Anarchic work is imposed when the environment rules are not at all respected.
00:07:29
Speaker
<unk>ly ah the technique ah have ah pri de josurta ceo ah somiud ais in yecon nupreinno look at the law lordlopa and the
00:07:52
Speaker
if we can say it like that. And then when they don't have formalization in such a way, they don't have authorization.
Training, Resources, and Cooperative Formalization
00:08:12
Speaker
or the mining or the mining area. They don't have the documents required to do it, so they can't benefit from financing, even if it's the state who has projects to finance their evolution, or at the microfinance or at the banks. We see that they need to do their training.
00:08:38
Speaker
and formalize the cooperatives. a To see as well, for example, in Togo, of ah there is a
Environmental and Social Governance in Mining
00:09:03
Speaker
certificate. then impact anan mathal Thank you, Rosine. You have a little bit a link with the social and governance.
00:09:13
Speaker
We call it also the ESG criteria. In comparison with the big mining exploitations
00:09:27
Speaker
Maybe Pascaline. Yes, I say are two worlds parallel. no impact between the two.
00:09:38
Speaker
These two are parallel because you see, we just came to you to a photograph of what is the map really. So, associating already like that to the map, it's something that's bit complex.
00:09:53
Speaker
But already, if I talk about the environment, after the passage the map, what's going on? It's deforestation, it's the erosion the soil, it's the pollution of and That's the environmental For us, it would be an image.
00:10:20
Speaker
What is the social level? What are the violence? so lacriminalitya de criela toxico manil la puvrete dan commino dellu cal lu de plama de's aisan perre lecopaim mine laance du conneissance legal soutraide de and fun so lutravau fori so we see a lo market de deca lumanka the capacity to use appropriate equipment?
00:10:52
Speaker
respect them. So there is also the question transparency. You can even start to want a card or an agreement
00:11:07
Speaker
process. It's difficult. You can also see that in terms of the supply of benefits, the activity is not totally reparti because the state who encadre the It's difficult to reverse auprès of communities, it makes bad perception of this activity by the communities.
00:11:37
Speaker
Because if we need to control it, it is formalized.
Transparency and Social Issues in Mining
00:11:40
Speaker
don't sit tua says drlo viu we don't say andcycller finman com activitypa formalise on the pa ah la comarre owe that whatta So that... the the
00:12:12
Speaker
list what i so on under mya on con nepala ju luji son no con nepala juluji onva a a um commercial vti pickque back to pa two a officerruve a v The the and
00:12:37
Speaker
That's right. And
00:12:48
Speaker
is perhaps not real since we have a the so
00:13:07
Speaker
I believe you have well announced the the
00:13:23
Speaker
For example, in Togo, we have just 67% according to report, under the PDGM project of the a yeah okcairru layid doce a isia on the the set of motorcos of home ah and 35% de de dire, c'est qu'elles vont...
00:14:01
Speaker
of point in point. So they make a hole or be able to extract the gold.
Women's Challenges and Initiatives in Mining
00:14:11
Speaker
donia de fa akea parken So to a to remember that
00:14:47
Speaker
Most sites belong men who the way that women are a bit poorer, even if they work a long time.
00:15:08
Speaker
ah menzi esrava a long gudu jome a also have abuse at the sites miniers where you will have only 10% of women. You will that men tend to towards them.
00:15:21
Speaker
What I like add to what Pascaline said at the i live there el socoja ajuteia pacaporacu pasalina vji univode ah The first question of the in terms of the classification of the management of mineral a energytic i'm rich mil plus so pa renewal african <unk> phone ah lucreta her e economy and the
00:15:56
Speaker
So we are part of this process. We see in the concrete how to do so that women and men who work in the mining industry
00:16:13
Speaker
tir et pingle de leurs jeux. Et donc, il y
00:16:40
Speaker
youu papa as attach to mocu zavi had this example disti ah kiion plus is your tool lamp packe because it's initiative on pervo your ah ah the comminto commino teocal cus So, evo the the mean directto ma but that remember lame raion de la situation de farmme ah suza a con the trava don ah remina are so member ah protection on the law the wall school soldierss are if that yeah know plus the shows is c say look up it because of this example just odds in Well, of have, on
00:18:49
Speaker
buttra cordeo develop mode activityity de um So when we have a We, at the
00:19:42
Speaker
to be able to improve conditions of women and people who work in this environment?
Formalization Efforts for Women's Inclusion
00:19:55
Speaker
You know, the zero there, but that doesn't mean that we don't have the disposition to minimize these risks.
00:20:06
Speaker
don deja only for the form in the door my anro avan san no So,
00:20:16
Speaker
dony i uncommit ah duanropies ah o de lack of perive mina elementmen trava yeah um ah like likemin So a the
00:20:41
Speaker
AFEMIB, which is Association of Women's Femmes of the Minier of Burkina Faso, we already need to do a project. This fund is of course located at the state budget, but the
00:21:01
Speaker
mean yeah popu voha decaci le fo if fovo um poge validé par les trois entités, l'administration minier, les entreprises minières qui sont dans la et puis la ou la commune.
00:21:35
Speaker
who does what and when will show that risk of the debilatidation funds or the detournement of these funds is And just about that, is there, as that are not aware and that are not in fact,
00:21:54
Speaker
ah de trisky and normo deusskyier ah of or all the administratively formal and obligatory. How are we going to achieve these exploitations?
Local Engagement and Funding Challenges
00:22:05
Speaker
escor pro o super that benefitsef here the so phonela itdo can the so pore gi of isl we And so that they respect all the regulation in order.
00:22:22
Speaker
So there is first a formalization work before we can continue. So, since the a all
00:23:02
Speaker
in the and how we're going to try to include women in this field. Are there any concrete solutions texts or norms that have been put in place to favor the inclusion of women in the field? And above all, I think it's the most important, to make their role,
00:23:21
Speaker
ah li shoquale nutravia vaan lu same de la me raison la lion de fa la ve man de disastera song the fama marque um po de depa are set to increase de pia perspective but students I the the It was the it the the and with the event
00:23:59
Speaker
the recruitment and What should the state do as a major actor? mae That is to say that already have to document the work of the presence of the MAPE in their localities.
00:24:42
Speaker
it also shows on article lefa de de zo ah rial key song le pre And that
00:25:01
Speaker
to be able to read if it's balance. Because if you the the the who and other places.
00:25:26
Speaker
Sometimes when it is
00:25:59
Speaker
And a sense of education of the girls at the second, the primary, the superior.
00:26:22
Speaker
It is the
00:26:37
Speaker
It's where we saw, we can document that they at school, they were not at the to continue the activities that they chose.
00:26:57
Speaker
I would like to finish by the sector. You know, all these questions engagement demand a fund. So I believe that the fund must directly go to the concerned groups, or the local groups of engagement, which are
00:27:30
Speaker
to be a major actor the I will tell you a little bit about it. When we started with the women of Mayodale, even the sous-professed people didn't know The mairie didn't know them, we arrived.
00:27:57
Speaker
What we was recense the women who worked, and they were even the most many men who worked in the casithyrite. After this information, we brought some sensitivity to So pay the tax at valorum.
Conclusion and Acknowledgements
00:28:34
Speaker
don innausa k g d set to for So this can the
00:29:12
Speaker
And I will say to you soon on Pardon My Planet. Thank you very much, Pascale and Rosine. Thank you very much.