183. The Gut-Immune Axis | Gastrointestinal Mucus & Lactoferrin, Lactoferrin Levels, a Brief Discussion on Candida Overgrowth, & More
In this encore episode, we detail the gut-immune axis, focusing on the protective mucus layer and the role of lactoferrin in intestinal health. We discuss endogenous secretions and how lactoferrin functions as an antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and iron-regulating glycoprotein, influencing microbial balance and intestinal barrier integrity. Additionally, we highlight lactoferrin testing and levels. We finish by going through supplementation as a phenomenal tool.
Topics:
1. The Intestinal Barrier & Mucus Layer
- The intestinal lumen, microbiome, mucus layer, epithelial cells, and lamina propria.
- The mucus layer: antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and secretory IgA (sIgA).
- Intestinal epithelial cells including goblet cells and enterocytes.
2. Immune Cells in the Gut
- The lamina propria.
- Macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, B cells, T cells, mast cells, and more.
3. Antimicrobial Peptides & Secretory IgA
- AMPs and sIgA in the mucus layer regulate microbial balance and prevent pathogen adhesion.
4. Lactoferrin: Functions & Sources
- Iron-binding glycoprotein, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties.
- Found in mucosal secretions, colostrum, and more.
- Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and neutrophils.
5. Lactoferrin’s Role in Intestinal Health
- Regulates iron absorption via lactoferrin receptors (LFR)on enterocytes.
- Sequesters free iron, limiting bacterial growth, bacteriostatic.
- Destabilizes bacterial membranes, cell lysis, bactericidal.
6. Lactoferrin Levels
- Neutrophils release lactoferrin during infection,increasing its presence in the large intestine.
- Fecal lactoferrin levels.
- Fecal calprotectin levels.
7. Lactoferrin & Candida Overgrowth
- Fungal membranes.
- Aiding in the inhibition of biofilm formation.
8. Lactoferrin Supplementation & Benefits
- Supports gut microbiota, epithelial integrity, and immune modulation.
- Bovine colostrum and as a supplement.
9. Conclusion
- The intestinal mucus layer is key to gut barrier function.
- Lactoferrin plays a central role in microbial regulation and immune defense.
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