In this emergency episode, Mark Leonard is joined by Ellie Geranmayeh, deputy director of ECFR’s Middle East and North Africa programme, Jeremy Shapiro, ECFR’s research director, and Cinzia Bianco, ECFR visiting fellow, to discuss the dramatic escalation following a massive joint US–Israeli military operation against Iran’s leadership and military infrastructure.


What are Trump’s war aims and does he really seek regime change? Could Iran’s political system survive this shock, or is deeper transformation underway? How are Gulf states reacting as they find themselves on the front line? And with Europe largely sidelined so far, what role could or should Europeans play in preventing further escalation?


This emergency episode was recorded on Sunday afternoon, 2pm UK time, as events continue to unfold.


Trump’s strikes on Iran are an illegal war of choice—and Europeans should say so [https://ecfr.eu/article/trumps-strikes-on-iran-are-an-illegalwar-of-choice-and-europeansshould-say-so/] by Ellie Geranmayeh

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Trump strikes Iran

As Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine enters its fifth year, negotiations are finally entering a productive phase. Mark Leonard is joined by Jennifer Kavanagh, senior fellow and director of military analysis at Defense Priorities, and author of the new report, “An Armed Nonalignment Model for Ukraine’s Postwar Security”, to examine Ukraine’s security status and US foreign policy towards it. Mark and Jennifer explore her proposal that Ukraine should position itself as an “armed nonalignment” state, the future of the transatlantic alliance, and America’s National Defense Strategy.  

 

Can Ukraine be nonaligned but also “armed to the teeth”? Could it become a porcupine that Russia cannot swallow? What should Europe and Ukraine do if future US foreign policy focuses more on the Indo-Pacific and the western hemisphere? Could Russia feasibly invade Ukraine again? And what happens if it does? 

 

Bookshelf 

An Armed Nonalignment Model for Ukraine’s Postwar Security [https://www.defensepriorities.org/reports/an-armed-nonalignment-model-for-ukraines-postwar-security/] by Jennifer Kavanagh  

The bear in the Baltics: Reassessing the Russian threat in Estonia [https://ecfr.eu/publication/the-bear-in-the-baltics-reassessing-the-russian-threat-in-estonia/] by Jennifer and Jeremy Shapiro 

Season 4 of Bridgerton [https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8740790/episodes/?season=4] on Netflix  

Susie Wiles, JD Vance, and the “Junkyard Dogs”: The White House Chief of Staff on Trump’s Second Term (Part 1 of 2 [https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/trump-susie-wiles-interview-exclusive-part-1]) by Vanity Fair  

Susie Wiles Talks Epstein Files, Pete Hegseth’s War Tactics, Retribution, and More (Part 2 of 2) [https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/trump-susie-wiles-interview-exclusive-part-2?_sp=a513afc0-688d-49d2-b419-48d43a10c84d.1770216004278] by Vanity Fair 

 

This podcast was recorded on 30th January 2026 

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How to defend Ukraine after a ceasefire

This week Mark Leonard is joined by Mark Malloch-Brown. Mark is the former president of the Open Society Foundations, former head of the United Nations Development Programme, formerly UN secretary general Kofi Annan’s chief of staff, and former UN deputy secretary general. From 2007-2009 he joined the British government of prime minister Gordon Brown as minister responsible for Africa and Asia.  


Together, Mark and Mark discuss how the role and impact of the Bretton Woods institutions, such as the World Bank and IMF, have changed. How can these institutions adapt to the rough-and-tumble world of 21st-century geopolitics—especially considering China’s increased support for the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and projections that Asia will hold 50% of global GDP by 205? 


Is Mark Carney right that there is a rupture in the old order? How did the Bretton Woods institutions underpin the old order? Are the World Bank and IMF problematic and outdated? Is it possible to reinvent these institutions for a new era? Or is it better to work through new, more representative institutions? 


Bookshelf 


1929: Inside the Greatest Crash in History – and How It Shattered a Nation [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/211179569-1929] by Andrew Ross Sokin  


Facing Up to the Future: Navigating Disruption, Building Trust [https://www.bwi80.org/] by Patrick Achi, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, Mark Malloch-Brown

 

News and reflections from Mark Malloch-Brown [https://markmallochbrown.substack.com/] by Mark Malloch-Brown 


This episode was recorded on February 6th 2026 

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Bretton Woods institutions in a new world order 

In this special episode of the World in 30 Minutes, Mark Leonard welcomes Editorial Director and Senior Policy Fellow Jeremy Cliffe, Senior Policy Fellow, Ulrike Franke, Distinguished Policy Fellow, Janka Oertel and Senior Policy Fellow, Majda Ruge live from the Munich Security Conference to unpack its biggest moments.


Recording from the Bayerischer Hof Hotel in Munich, they reflect on Marco Rubio’s message to Europe, European leaders’ calls for greater autonomy, Zelensky’s intervention on Ukraine, and the shifting tone on China, NATO and tech regulation. Is the transatlantic relationship entering a new phase? Did Europe show unity or fragmentation? And what does the mood in Munich reveal about the future of security in 2026?


This podcast was recorded live at the Munich Security Conference 2026.

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Live from MSC 2026: Transatlantic turning point

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Munich Security Conference Special with Elbridge Colby

This week, Mark Leonard is joined by Tiago Antunes, Portugal’s former secretary of state for European affairs and senior visiting fellow at ECFR, and Jim O’Brien, former US assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian affairs, to reflect on the recent transatlantic crisis over Greenland. 


After meetings in Copenhagen with Danish and Greenlandic leaders, and Tiago’s visit to Nuuk, Mark discusses with him and Jim how tensions escalated, why they were diffused at Davos, and what lessons Europe can draw from the episode. 


What mood are the Danes in? How do they assess Trump’s motivations? Has the crisis brought Greenlanders closer to Denmark? And how did Denmark go about building European unity to oppose Donald Trump’s moves? 


Bookshelf 

Indignity: Life Reimagined [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/222376548-indignity] by Lea Ypi 

Everybody Loves Our Dollars [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/224585458-everybody-loves-our-dollars---how-money-laundering-won?from_search=true&from_srp=true&qid=xqaQ0pDZU2&rank=1] by Oliver Bullough 

 

This episode was recorded on February 11th 2026 

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Lessons from the Greenland crisis

Mark Leonard is joined by Lea Ypi, ECFR council member and professor in political theory at the London School of Economics, to discuss her latest book Indignity: A Life Reimagined, which asks how individuals can maintain their dignity in a totalitarian system. Mark and Lea delve into defining moments in global politics, from the 1920s to the post-cold war era. By reflecting on the past, they discuss how polarised modern politics can find a new path.  

 

How can the left counter the narratives of the new right? What does a revitalised left look like in Europe and beyond?  Are the tragedies of 1920s and 1940s Albania, as experienced by Leman—grandmother of Lea Ypi and the book's protagonist— repeating themselves in Europe today? Do any parallels exist between then and now? And what lessons does this period hold for today? 

 

 

Bookshelf 

Indignity: A Life Reimagined [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/222376548-indignity] by Lea Ypi 

The Overcoat [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/537094.The_Overcoat] by Nikolai Gogol 

 

This podcast was recorded on January 8th 2026 

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Indignity with Lea Ypi  

Mark Leonard is joined by Africa experts Nathalie Delapalme, CEO of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation and ECFR council member, Carlos Lopes, honourary professor at the University of Cape Town who has occupied prominent positions in the UN and African Union and Alex Vines, director of ECFR’s Africa programme.

Together, they explore how the European policies on critical raw minerals and energy should evolve in relation to Africa’s economic growth, the needs of younger generation and China’s presence in the region. They also outline which topics are key to understanding the EU-AU relationship.


How can Europe support Africa’s climate and energy goals without recreating patterns of conditionality or dependency? What impact will the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism have on African economies? With multiple global powers seeking influence in Africa, how should Europe reposition itself as a partner of choice? And how does China’s cooperation with Africa impact Europe?


Bookshelf     


The Hour of the Predator: Encounters with the Autocrats and Tech Billionaires Taking Over the World [https://www.amazon.de/Hour-Predator-Encounters-Autocrats-Billionaires/dp/B0F27HBD28] by Giuliano Da Empoli


African Europeans: An Untold History [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/45059297-african-europeans]by Olivette Otélé


Fareed’s take: World countering Trump with shrewd moves [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/45059297-african-europeans]



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Europe-Africa relations in 2026

In an emergency podcast episode, Mark Leonard welcomes James Crabtree, ECFR distinguished visiting fellow and former Mumbai bureau chief for the Financial Times, to discuss the long-awaited EU-India trade deal.

 

The agreement, nearly 20 years in the making, was signed in New Delhi by Ursula von der Leyen, Antonio Costa and Narendra Modi, and has been dubbed the “mother of all deals”. It aims to integrate two massive markets—representing a quarter of the global population—slash tariffs, boost services trade and reduce dependencies on China and the US.

 

Mark and James explore India’s strategic pivot amid US tariffs, the potential for deeper defence and tech ties, and Europe’s quest for autonomy in a multipolar world. Is this a game-changer for global trade flows? Can Europe and India forge a true superpower partnership, or will domestic politics and external pressures derail progress? And is this the birth of a new geopolitical axis?

 

This podcast was recorded on January 28, 2026.

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The EU-India mega-deal

In this episode, Mark Leonard sits down with Finnish president, Alexander Stubb, in Davos for a conversation about Donald Trump’s view of Ukraine, Greenland, the world and Europe’s place in it. They explore the clash between advocates of multipolarity and those resisting it, and how this battle is reshaping global power.  


Together, they reflect on the shifting idea of the West and the challenge of preserving a pragmatic, values based transatlantic relationship. They also explore Finland’s place in this rapidly evolving landscape including the impact of Trump’s sights on Greenland and the war in Ukraine. 


 


Bookshelf 

Peacemaker: U Thant and the Forgotten Quest for a Just World [https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/223736251-peacemaker] by Thant Myint-U 


The Triangle of Power: Rebalancing the New World Order [https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=ac695dd58a0df6142fc653ed68e8f8d750971afc4d74952f46f171975c9ea6f6JmltdHM9MTc2ODg2NzIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=3f7858c1-6195-6aa8-2df4-4e7460756b8b&psq=good+reads+The+Triangle+of+Power%3a+Rebalancing+the+New+World+Order.&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZHJlYWRzLmNvbS9ib29rL3Nob3cvMjM2MzgzNDc1LXRoZS10cmlhbmdsZS1vZi1wb3dlcg] by Alex Stubb 

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Live from Davos with Alexander Stubb

Weekly podcast on the events, policies and ideas that will shape the world. World in 30 minutes is curated by Mark Leonard, Director of the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), and features top-level speakers from across the EU and beyond to debate and discuss Europe’s role in the world. It was awarded “Best podcasts on EU politics” by PolicyLab in 2019. Member of the EuroPod network.

Mark Leonard's World in 30 Minutes