When it comes to critical illness, nutrition isn't just supportive care—it can be a key part of the treatment plan.

In this episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti sits down with Dr. Jayshil Patel to discuss nutrition therapy for critically ill adults and the growing evidence behind enteral nutrition's role in improving outcomes.

Dr. Patel is a pulmonary and critical care physician in the Division of Pulmonary at the Medical College of Wisconsin whose research focuses on how enteral nutrition influences outcomes in critical care settings.

Additional resources:

 * Nutrition Therapy in Critically Ill Adults. J. Patel, S McCLave. NEJM 2026. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra2506111]
 * Trial of the Route of Early Nutritional Support in Critically Ill Adults. CALORIES Trial. NEJM 2015. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1409860]
 * Enteral versus parenteral early nutrition in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group study (NUTRIREA-2). LANCET 2018. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32146-3/abstract]

Books mentioned in this episode:

 * The Road to Character. By David Brooks. [https://www.amazon.com/Road-Character-David-Brooks/dp/0812983416/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&dib_tag=se&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.x3qP1bgxsh5RuSmmZooHQosrBncOJNi3Th3z3bC8fSUag_5sIV8FIyuBVvddoWmmu7gtuC_KckVDGmHMxQuUx7DemnI9fvw8DE8Vma1JCv5SFVrNyQF6yvfby2f6MfPKgruI700_V54H8SfzdjQT-MbEIlaMzoMYRg3C-iG6vU9-d4SFKdJWt1bCxU_KKUBaBXuA0A2Qj4IuYbEOyXJCUeypt4p7AvTkPilPqkcEog8.Uz71TdXKXddCTMHS3MaU_YCENZGsmSV_gIAcyj0tY0g&qid=1785246704&sr=8-1]

Nutrition Therapy in the ICU

In a recent episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discussed the 2026 iteration of the Surviving Sepsis Guidelines. In this episode, the discussion continues, focusing on important aspects beyond clinical guidelines. He is joined by Dr. Andre Kalil, a physician specializing in critical care and infectious diseases. Dr. Kalil is a Professor in the Division of Infectious Diseases and Director of Transplant Infectious Diseases at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC). Dr. Kalil is a prolific author and has participated in several IDSA/SCCM Clinical Guidelines and has written extensively on critical care and infectious disease topics.

Additional resources:

Surviving sepsis campaign 2026 guidelines | Critical Matters [https://www.soundphysicians.com/podcast/critical-matters/surviving-sepsis-campaign-2026-guidelines/]

Sepsis. M Singer, et al. The Lancet 2026. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)02422-5/abstract]

Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2026. Crit Care Medicine 2026. [https://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2026&issue=04000&article=00005&type=Fulltext]

Subphenotypes and phenotypes to resolve sepsis heterogeneity: hype or hope? Andre Kalil, et al. Intensive Care Med 2025. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40047867/]

Early Goal-Directed Therapy for Sepsis: A Novel Solution for Discordant Survival Outcomes in Clinical Trials. Andre Kalil, et al. Crit Care Med 2017. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28067711/]

Books mentioned in this episode:

Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Life Depends on It. By Ian Leslie. [https://soundphysicians.sharepoint.com/sites/MarcomTeam/Shared%20Documents/General/Media/Audio/Critical%20Matters%20Podcast/2026/9%20Sepsis/Curious-Desire-Know-Future-Depends]

Sepsis - Beyond the guidelines

This episode was originally posted Feb. 24, 2022.

The last 24 months have pushed ICU teams around the world to their limits. As we move forward, we need to heal and rebuild our critical care teams. Healthcare more than ever will require ICU teams to perform at the highest levels and to continuously innovate to deliver high-value care to the sickest of the sick. In this episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses the elements of The Fearless ICU. He is joined by Amy Edmondson (@AmyCEdmondson), the Novartis Professor of Leadership and Management at the Harvard Business School. For the last two decades, she has studied the elements of high-performing teams in complex environments.

Additional Resources:

Faculty page for Amy Edmondson. A great jumping point to her vast body of work. [https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/AmyEdmondson]

How to turn a group of strangers into a team. TED Talk by Amy Edmondson [https://bit.ly/3vaKwzA/]

The Fearless Organization. By Amy Edmondson. [https://amzn.to/3v7JzrJ]

What Google Learned in its Quest to Build the Perfect Team. New York Times. [https://nyti.ms/3p84qHk]

Implementing New Practices: An Empirical Study of Organizational Learning in Hospital Intensive Care Units. A. Edmondson et al. Management Science 2007. [https://bit.ly/3JJXisP]

Books Mentioned in this Episode:

Get Rid of the Performance Review! By Samuel Culbert. [https://amzn.to/354mYl3]

Mindset. By Carol Dweck. [https://amzn.to/3LRR2B8]

The Fearless ICU, revisited

In this episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses the care of older adults in the ICU. He is joined by Dr. Lauren Ferrante, a pulmonary critical care physician in the medical intensive care unit at Yale New Haven Hospital. She is an Associate Professor of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and serves as Director, Operations Core, at the Yale Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center. Dr. Ferrante is the lead author of the recently published “Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Caring for Older Adults in the ICU."

Additional resources:

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Care for Older Adults in the ICU. Crit Care Medicine 2026 [https://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2026&issue=05000&article=00003&type=Fulltext]

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Care for Older Adults in the ICU. Implementation Toolkit [https://sccm.org/SCCM/media/SCCM/PDFs/Older-Adults-Guidelines-Toolkit.pdf?_gl=1*rv4da8*_gcl_au*MzczOTk1NDAxLjE3NzgyNjIxMjM]

American Geriatric Society Beers Criteria (Pocket Guide) [https://thecarepartnerproject.org/wp-content/uploads/The-Beers-List.pdf]

Books mentioned in this episode:

The Correspondent. By Virginia Evans [https://www.amazon.com/Correspondent-Deluxe-Novel-Virginia-Evans/dp/B0GJJMQDQ7/ref=sr_1_2?crid=25ME8EPSOYN7D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.D76nq4yGpTti41c7DtcoCqe0m3dKRCBuU-4hbvBMVU1GssH5_NW3BzGt-flD25Ztw7DXNNlrtXJMBz5ppeRjbV3iZXYdE6MspTKg2l1c5Lw1guNSjgC40VKXrMP-32Hwuj47A9mKUJMV3moCDI2MdXQTGT8UHPSMfutcDh6lI7Qx6fd6pcBUxKKb6yS_6-Dinrg4WNbY4HzeqenSCQ3acHZnshv4OdsWqA7OhG4cy-4.qRMb0Y_zhSSdUjnCc2veC1LXI1TqA3lMwtJ2SB1ozPo&dib_tag=se&keywords=The+Correspondent&qid=1779487491&sprefix=the+correspondent%2Caps%2C231&sr=8-2]

Caring for older adults in the ICU

In this episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses arterial catheters in shock through the lens of the recently published EVERDAC trial. He is joined by Dr. Gregoire Muller, a critical care physician in the Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Resuscitation at the University Hospital Center of Orléans, Orléans, France. Dr. Muller is an accomplished clinician and researcher. He is the principal investigator/lead author of the EVERDAC clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Additional resources:

Deferring Arterial Catheterization in Critically Ill Patients with Shock. EVERDAC Trial. New Engl J Med 2025. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2502136]

Arterial lines in the ICU: A call for rigorous controlled trials. CHEST 2014. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25367469/]

Hemodynamic monitoring in shock and implications for management. International Consensus Conference, Paris, France 2006. Intensive Care Med 2007. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17285286/]

Noninvasive BP monitoring in the critically ill: time to abandon the arterial catheter? CHEST 2018.  [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29108815/]

Books mentioned in this episode:

Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. By David Allen. [https://www.amazon.com/Getting-Things-Done-Stress-Free-Productivity/dp/B0DSK27GHG/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1QKAX43VHCDFV&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.JPu08UYkU4zwl38D65fqtHs5WdjMvGXKvCCqQyacQBM44z_sLrGzTFHqEZ3fzEJuAL9aXpfJWUGTuCZnRQ_TriznRd3Q5dGi9_XLfcpoU97SZPrygidyCFH0Ba51Rw2haSP-Oau7LSfKjk3_bZa1c4Crh7L1IR9Na_cLSPFsyyPXp-oE4MYu_i1IWZxT6A35EPwV4shAX-92XL9nCtKXwtlp4W2bbtB3JsCR_QrkNxg.bG1GTvFi830elLm8P0akcNT2Ab3A4MMczqm6Jy8UT5c&dib_tag=se&keywords=getting+things+done&qid=1775490069&sprefix=getting+things+done%2Caps%2C162&sr=8-1]

Rethinking arterial lines

In this, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses the management of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients. Invasive candidiasis is frequent in critically ill patients and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. He is joined by Dr. Max Adelman, a practicing critical care and infectious disease physician at Houston Methodist Hospital. Dr. Adelman is an Assistant Professor of Medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College. Dr. Adelman’s clinical interests include bacteremia, hospital-acquired infections, immunocompromised hosts, multidrug-resistant organisms, and septic shock.

Additional Resources:

Invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients: Fundamental concepts and future directions. Perez MA, Hoffman WJ, Perez JC, and Adelman MH. CHEST 2026. [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12833977/]

Empirical Micafungin Treatment and Survival Without Invasive Fungal Infection in Adults With ICU-Acquired Sepsis, Candida Colonization, and Multiple Organ Failure: The EMPIRICUS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2016. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27706483/]

Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM. THE LANCET- Infectious Diseases 2025. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(24)00749-7/fulltext]

Books and Music mentioned in this episode:

Four Thousand Weeks: Time Management for Mortals. By Oliver Bukerman. [https://www.amazon.com/Four-Thousand-Weeks-Management-Mortals-ebook/dp/B08FGV64B1/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2FJQE691JB5H3&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.2e1RiAVyclMJkGOzA0_LWuOFXqzlWVq4HXhGGCLYJkq42yY3fyrFid2V2RWVYAdCocEfe-dC53eZrwRdWHCE_1MaqwrB709y5e0yLKMHz9LnfGRf5QJ-wLCRiAzdH7kVR46dRiaR2gVhC_jzwds3n5_xX_d_AW_S13TIIyLrLOqSOuv-oYr6mbT2Njsj_js3DTTqQ_mCWc9_B21M1aSFewYT6KKUt--nOvMZpRgxMDc.-la6JVEfHMmdSUeP7zTTiPceOEFurUE-heTTBp1GNYA&dib_tag=se&keywords=4000+weeks&qid=1773886412&sprefix=4000%2Caps%2C179&sr=8-1]

Lonesome Drifter. By Charlie Crockett. [https://www.amazon.com/Lonesome-Drifter-Charley-Crockett/dp/B0DVCD1G2P/ref=sr_1_1?crid=22893TOCDJZWD&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.b1CwNZUYAALfDS7k8KR2RS_mSBY4uX4w0LTD3OwPjOybHyYk_aueyvzPHpeMpDY1TYwXRkAT2TKX5zpJwi1NlHBtOarry61Tx4o1MJGHmU7djgWrUecopo7wDozEYp0_041tWC02nXRMiq4_UX6XHVuPK2JBTZxbST_Zg0QZfW2uTwBP_odXrBnaKzXUo4u4s1j9GpccN1M6jdil6DbZDSB5lrKZf8Vr54xikYKm21s.l7mqkLPc0vNa6ouQ4UfDw2x4Mzs9pxEA8fag6xyy6vc&dib_tag=se&keywords=charlie+crockett+cd&qid=1773886517&sprefix=Charlie+Crockett%2Caps%2C168&sr=8-1]

Invasive Candidiasis

In this episode, Dr. Zanotti discusses the Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2026. He is joined by Dr. Hallie Prescot and Dr. Bram Rochwerg. Dr. Hallie Prescott is an Associate Professor in Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine at the University of Michigan and a staff physician at the Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System. She serves as co-chair of the international Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines. Dr. Bram Rochwerg is an associate professor and critical care physician at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. He is co-vice-chair of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Adult Guidelines.

Additional Resources:

Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2026. Crit Care Medicine 2026 [https://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2026&issue=04000&article=00005&type=Fulltext]

Executive Summary: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2026. Crit Care Medicine 2026 [https://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/fulltext/2026/04000/executive_summary__surviving_sepsis_campaign_.4.aspx]

SCCM Point-of-Care (POC) APP:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.sccm.mobl&hl=en

https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sccm-poc/id1079591546

Books and music mentioned in this episode:

William Osler: A Life in Medicine. By Michael Bliss [https://www.amazon.com/s?k=william+osler+a+life+in+medicine&crid=223XQKG5A3G59&sprefix=william+osler%2Caps%2C174&ref=nb_sb_ss_p13n-expert-pd-ops-ranker_1_13]

Blood Poison: The Untold Story of Sepsis. By Parsa Shahinpoor [https://www.amazon.com/s?k=blood+poisoning+sepsis+book&crid=OZ8K6XSSSF21&sprefix=blood+poisoning+sepsis+book%2Caps%2C157&ref=nb_sb_noss_1]

Album: Bloodline Artist: Mon Rovia [https://www.amazon.com/Bloodline-Mon-Rovia/dp/B0FTT3T73H/ref=sr_1_1?crid=22AJI8OQM1EFK&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.dhGf63BzRrcKmdMaCo4ZSNJeOERxpsAeipsmoWwGlco.GUaMo5NBKQiqaYla1XPDidy4PFFxThNo99Kf6g1M-2E&dib_tag=se&keywords=mon+rovia+bloodline+cd&qid=1776111640&sprefix=mon+Rovia%2Caps%2C176&sr=8-1]

Surviving sepsis campaign 2026 guidelines

In this episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses emergency management and resuscitation of patients with left-sided Impella support. We will base our discussion on a recently published United Kingdom multisociety consensus statement. Our guests for this episode are two of the authors of this consensus statement.

Dr. Zanotti is joined by Dr. Waqas Akhtar, a consultant at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom. Dr. Akhtar completed full postgraduate certification in Cardiology, Intensive Care & General Internal Medicine with a particular interest in cardiogenic shock, heart transplantation, and mechanical circulatory support. He is also joined by Dr. Vasileios Panoulas, a consultant cardiologist at Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust and honorary senior clinical lecturer at Imperial College London. He has clinical expertise that encompasses both general and interventional cardiology.

Additional resources:

UK multisociety consensus statement on the emergency management and resuscitation of patients with left-sided Impella support: https://heart.bmj.com/content/early/2025/12/17/heartjnl-2025-326896

Microaxial Flow Pump or Standard Care in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock. DanGer Shock Investigators: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2312572

Effect of Microaxial Flow Pump on Hemodynamics in STEMI-Related Cardiogenic Shock. DanGer Shock Investigators: https://www.jacc.org/doi/abs/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.04.062

Long-Term Outcomes of the DanGer Shock Trial. DanGer Shock Investigators: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40888722/

Music mentioned in this episode:

Unlearning. By Teddy Swims. [https://www.amazon.com/Unlearning-Teddy-Swims/dp/B096TRTRVR/ref=sr_1_2?crid=YVQGYQ768N5Y&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9._NA1GMm_CKB7H0oBRpQFuEVn9mh4rVGfgEBPM5ZOBI2UH7TLuCnvk1UXEz1l8yZtZ2P3473FeVoPO_cIfFgMfx7W1B3VuCDgOtCbU27n_KRskWWOmK1kM5IsZsFWqNfFmxAaQovt8BKAsXOkkCGPBrzpJ0dBZhwNUgEbcRnW8532UhBknHkUPp_RvPmA_4Jm23WTIBymO6yQmUY2S6RWAR8LzzApr_aiShzHfdOi8V8.rrzjPsSZaTkfmFxUXXuQBHxugpdG98k_NC8HoJc54yk&dib_tag=se&keywords=Teddy+unlearning&qid=1773763757&sprefix=teddy+unlearning%2Caps%2C184&sr=8-2]

Minute a Moment. By Myles Smith. [https://www.amazon.com/Minute-Moment-Myles-Smith/dp/B0F6VXGB26/ref=sr_1_2?crid=1HF04N0B8TJYJ&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.skxNq4rN2r7zMLTfEFlr3a7RJE4YLPX5J1-7b4ZK1Xr__dTZh_nKywu3I7zFQ5UccEO-B2dK06lGDSgPy2fJ9ERFtpeug3RTYLB35OlJPMSvsajkVDlWNXhXQBZ7Sa3hOOkE3MikLMRgHNL0z14oUA.qLD2-2Hej1KERoL3pp-J2ZFQPJ5LtP_yRAQBzvTbPXY&dib_tag=se&keywords=myles+smith+a+minute+a+moment&qid=1773764196&sprefix=myles+smith+a+minute+a+moment%2Caps%2C127&sr=8-2]

Sable, Fable. By Bon Iver. [https://www.amazon.com/Sable-Fable-Bon-Iver/dp/B0DWT6MPVB/ref=pd_sbs_d_sccl_1_1/139-4346088-5189726?pd_rd_w=EA3jv&content-id=amzn1.sym.aa738fbd-ad05-4d11-aae2-04b598db6305&pf_rd_p=aa738fbd-ad05-4d11-aae2-04b598db6305&pf_rd_r=HSX3NG0QT7RX42C7Z7CJ&pd_rd_wg=WwdLe&pd_rd_r=067b1e38-a2b9-40fe-996c-fb4181015b9e&pd_rd_i=B0DWT6MPVB&psc=1]

Management of Impella Emergencies

In this episode Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses the recently released Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Adults. This guideline is a report of the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. He is joined by Dr. Mark Creager, the lead author and chair of the writing committee for these guidelines. Dr. Creager is Professor of Medicine and Professor of Surgery at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth. A past president of the American Heart Association, he is an internationally recognized leader in vascular and cardiovascular medicine with more than 400 scientific publications. Additional resources: 2026 AHA/ACC/ACEP/CHEST/SCAI/SHM/SIR/SVM/SVN Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2026: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001415 Surgical Management and Mechanical Circulatory Support in High-Risk Pulmonary Embolisms: Historical Context, Current Status, and Future Directions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001117 Antithrombotic Therapy for VTE Disease: Second Update of the CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report. CHEST 20: https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(21)01506-3/fulltext Books mentioned in this episode: Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln. By Doris Kearns Goodwin: https://bit.ly/4skCS0c Alexander Hamilton. By Ron Chernow: https://bit.ly/4rFuxTw Vascular Medicine: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease. By Mark Creager et al.: https://bit.ly/4uHZ4Dc

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Clinical Guideline Update

In this episode, Dr. Sergio Zanotti discusses a structured approach to ECMO emergencies, focusing on recognizing cardiac arrest, organizing the team response, and early ECMO troubleshooting to support key life-saving interventions. He is joined by Dr. Waqas Akhtar, a consultant at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trustin the United Kingdom. Dr. Akhtar completed full postgraduate certification in Cardiology, Intensive Care & General Internal Medicine, with a particular interest in cardiogenic shock, heart transplantation, and mechanical circulatory support Additional resources: British societies guideline on the management of emergencies in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Waqas Akhtar, et al. Intensive Care Med 2025: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41051555/ UK multisociety consensus statement on the emergency and resuscitation of patients with left-sided Impella support. Waqas Akhtar, et al. BMJ Journals 2026: https://heart.bmj.com/content/early/2025/12/17/heartjnl-2025-326896 Books mentioned in this episode: His Dark Materials Series: The Golden Compass; The Subtle Knife; The Amber Spyglass: https://bit.ly/4cmSXgB