Eighteen months ago, Tyler Cloutier appeared on the show with what sounded like an ambitious (some might say crazy) plan: build a new distributed database from scratch, then use it to power a massively multiplayer online game. That's two of the hardest problems in software, tackled simultaneously. But sometimes the best infrastructure comes from solving your own impossible problems.

The game, Bitcraft, has now launched on Steam. SpacetimeDB has hit version 1.0. And Tyler returns to share what actually happened when theory met production reality. We cover the launch day performance disasters (including a cascading failure caused by logging while holding a lock), why single-threaded execution running entirely from L1 cache can outperform sophisticated multi-threaded approaches by two orders of magnitude, and how the database's reducer model - borrowed from functional programming - enables zero-downtime code deployments. We also get into how SpacetimeDB is expanding beyond games with TypeScript support and React hooks that make building real-time multiplayer web apps surprisingly simple.

If you're building anything where multiple users need to see the same data update in real time - which, as Tyler points out, describes most successful applications from Figma to Facebook - SpacetimeDB's approach of treating every app as a multiplayer game might be worth understanding.

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Support Developer Voices on Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoices

Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join

SpacetimeDB: https://spacetimedb.com/

SpacetimeDB on GitHub: https://github.com/clockworklabs/SpacetimeDB

Our previous episode with Tyler: https://youtu.be/roEsJcQYjd8

Clockwork Labs: https://clockworklabs.io/

Bitcraft Online: https://bitcraftonline.com/

Bitcraft on Steam: https://store.steampowered.com/app/3454650/BitCraft_Online

WebAssembly: https://webassembly.org/

Flecs (ECS for C/C++): https://www.flecs.dev/flecs/

TigerBeetle: https://tigerbeetle.com/

CockroachDB: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/

Google Cloud Spanner: https://cloud.google.com/spanner

Erlang: https://www.erlang.org/

Apache Kafka: https://kafka.apache.org/

Tyler Cloutier on X: https://x.com/TylerFCloutier

Tyler Cloutier on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tylercloutier/

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Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

0:00 Intro

2:01 The Architecture of SpacetimeDB

5:01 Client-Side Prediction in Multiplayer Games

11:00 Reducers and Event Streaming

15:00 Launching Bitcraft on Steam

19:00 Debugging Launch Performance Problems

26:56 Hot-Swapping Server Code Without Downtime

30:01 In-Memory Tables and Query Optimization

42:00 Is SpacetimeDB Only For Games?

51:00 Performance Benchmarking For Web Workloads

55:00 Why Single-Threaded Beats Multi-Threaded

1:00:01 Multi-Version Concurrency Control Trade-offs

1:05:01 Sharding Data Across Multiple Nodes

1:10:56 Inter-Module Communication and Actor Models

1:17:00 Replication and the Write-Ahead Log

1:24:00 Supported Client Languages

1:29:00 Getting Started With SpacetimeDB

1:39:02 Outro

Building the SpacetimeDB Database, Game-First (with Tyler Cloutier)

SQLite is embedded everywhere - phones, browsers, IoT devices. It's reliable, battle-tested, and feature-rich. But what if you want concurrent writes? Or CDC for streaming changes? Or vector indexes for AI workloads? The SQLite codebase isn't accepting new contributors, and the test suite that makes it so reliable is proprietary. So how do you evolve an embedded database that's effectively frozen?

Glauber Costa spent a decade contributing to the Linux kernel at Red Hat, then helped build Scylla, a high-performance rewrite of Cassandra. Now he's applying those lessons to SQLite. After initially forking SQLite (which produced a working business but failed to attract contributors), his team is taking the bolder path: a complete rewrite in Rust called Turso. The project already has features SQLite lacks - vector search, CDC, browser-native async operation - and is using deterministic simulation testing (inspired by TigerBeetle) to match SQLite's legendary reliability without access to its test suite.

The conversation covers why rewrites attract contributors where forks don't, how the Linux kernel maintains quality with thousands of contributors, why Pekka's "pet project" jumped from 32 to 64 contributors in a month, and what it takes to build concurrent writes into an embedded database from scratch.

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Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join

Turso: https://turso.tech/

Turso GitHub: https://github.com/tursodatabase/turso

libSQL (SQLite fork): https://github.com/tursodatabase/libsql

SQLite: https://www.sqlite.org/

Rust: https://rust-lang.org/

ScyllaDB (Cassandra rewrite): https://www.scylladb.com/

Apache Cassandra: https://cassandra.apache.org/

DuckDB (analytical embedded database): https://duckdb.org/

MotherDuck (DuckDB cloud): https://motherduck.com/

dqlite (Canonical distributed SQLite): https://canonical.com/dqlite

TigerBeetle (deterministic simulation testing): https://tigerbeetle.com/

Redpanda (Kafka alternative): https://www.redpanda.com/

Linux Kernel: https://kernel.org/

Datadog: https://www.datadoghq.com/

Glauber Costa on X: https://x.com/glcst

Glauber Costa on GitHub: https://github.com/glommer

Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

--

0:00 Intro

3:16 Ten Years Contributing to the Linux Kernel

15:17 From Linux to Startups: OSv and Scylla

26:23 Lessons from Scylla: The Power of Ecosystem Compatibility

33:00 Why SQLite Needs More

37:41 Open Source But Not Open Contribution

48:04 Why a Rewrite Attracted Contributors When a Fork Didn't

57:22 How Deterministic Simulation Testing Works

1:06:17 70% of SQLite in Six Months

1:12:12 Features Beyond SQLite: Vector Search, CDC, and Browser Support

1:19:15 The Challenge of Adding Concurrent Writes

1:25:05 Building a Self-Sustaining Open Source Community

1:30:09 Where Does Turso Fit Against DuckDB?

1:41:00 Could Turso Compete with Postgres?

1:46:21 How Do You Avoid a Toxic Community Culture?

1:50:32 Outro

Will Turso Be The Better SQLite? (with Glauber Costa)

How do you build systems with AI? Not code-generating assistants, but production systems that use LLMs as part of their processing pipeline. When should you chain multiple agent calls together versus just making one LLM request? And how do you debug, test, and deploy these things? The industry is clearly in exploration mode—we're seeing good ideas implemented badly and expensive mistakes made at scale. But Google needs to get this right more than most companies, because AI is both their biggest opportunity and an existential threat to their search-based business model.

Christina Lin from Google joins us to discuss Agent Development Kit (ADK), Google's open-source Python framework for building agentic pipelines. We dig into the fundamental question of when agent pipelines make sense versus traditional code, exploring concepts like separation of concerns for agents, tool calling versus MCP servers, Google's grounding feature for citation-backed responses, and agent memory management. Christina explains A2A (Agent-to-Agent), Google's protocol for distributed agent communication that could replace both LangChain and MCP. We also cover practical concerns like debugging agent workflows, evaluation strategies, and how to think about deploying agents to production.

If you're trying to figure out when AI belongs in your processing pipeline, how to structure agent systems, or whether frameworks like ADK solve real problems versus creating new complexity, this episode breaks down Google's approach to making agentic systems practical for production use.

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Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join



Google Agent Development Kit Announcement: https://developers.googleblog.com/en/agent-development-kit-easy-to-build-multi-agent-applications/

ADK on GitHub: https://google.github.io/adk-docs/



Google Gemini: https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api

Google Vertex AI: https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai

Google AI Studio: https://aistudio.google.com/

Google Grounding with Google Search: https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/grounding/overview



Model Context Protocol (MCP): https://modelcontextprotocol.io/

Anthropic MCP Servers: https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/servers

LangChain: https://www.langchain.com/



Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

Can Google's ADK Replace LangChain and MCP? (with Christina Lin)

How do you monitor distributed systems that span dozens of microservices, multiple languages, and different databases? The old approach of gathering logs from different machines and recompiling apps with profiling flags doesn't scale when you're running thousands of servers. You need a unified strategy that works everywhere, on every component, in every language—and that means tackling the problem from the kernel level up.

Mohammed Aboullaite is a backend engineer at Spotify, and he joins us to explore the latest in continuous profiling and observability using eBPF. We dive into how eBPF lets you programmatically peek into the Linux kernel without recompiling it, why companies like Google and Meta run profiling across their entire infrastructure, and how to manage the massive data volumes that continuous profiling generates. Mohammed walks through specific tools like Pyroscope, Pixie, and Parca, explains the security model of loading code into the kernel, and shares practical advice on overhead thresholds, storage strategies, and getting organizational buy-in for continuous profiling.

Whether you're debugging performance issues, optimizing for scale, or just want to see what your code is really doing in production, this episode covers everything from packet filters to cultural changes in service of getting a clear view of your software when it hits production.

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Support Developer Voices on Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoices

Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join

eBPF: https://ebpf.io/

Google-Wide Profiling Paper (2010): https://research.google.com/pubs/archive/36575.pdf

Google pprof: https://github.com/google/pprof

Continuous Profiling Tools:

Pyroscope (Grafana): https://grafana.com/oss/pyroscope/

Pixie (CNCF): https://px.dev/

Parca: https://www.parca.dev/

Datadog Continuous Profiler: https://www.datadoghq.com/product/code-profiling/

Supporting Technologies:

OpenTelemetry: https://opentelemetry.io/

Grafana: https://grafana.com/

New Relic: https://newrelic.com/

Envoy Proxy: https://www.envoyproxy.io/

Spring Cloud Sleuth: https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud-sleuth

Mohammed Aboullaite:

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aboullaite/

GitHub: https://github.com/aboullaite

Website: http://aboullaite.me

Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/laytoun

Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

Building Observable Systems with eBPF and Linux (with Mohammed Aboullaite)

Git might be the most ubiquitous tool in software development, but that doesn't mean it's perfect. What if we could keep Git compatibility while fixing its most frustrating aspects—painful merges, scary rebases, being stuck in conflict states, and the confusing staging area?

This week we're joined by Martin von Zweigbergk, creator of Jujutsu (JJ), a Git-compatible version control system that takes a fundamentally different approach. Starting from a simple idea—automatically snapshotting your working copy—Martin has built a tool that reimagines how we interact with version control. We explore the clever algebra behind Jujutsu's conflict handling that lets you store conflicts as commits and move freely through your repository even when things are broken. We discuss why there's no staging area, how the operation log gives you powerful undo/redo capabilities, and why rebasing becomes trivially easy when you can edit any commit in your history and have changes automatically propagate forward.

Whether you're a Git power user frustrated by interactive rebases, someone who's lost work to a botched merge, or just curious about how version control could work differently, this conversation offers fresh perspectives on a tool we all take for granted. And if you're working with large monorepos or game development assets, Martin's vision for the future of Jujutsu might be exactly what you've been waiting for.

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Jujutsu (JJ): https://github.com/martinvonz/jj

Jujutsu Documentation: https://martinvonz.github.io/jj/

Git: https://git-scm.com/

Mercurial: https://www.mercurial-scm.org/

Rust: https://www.rust-lang.org/

Watchman: https://facebook.github.io/watchman/

Google Piper: https://research.google/pubs/why-google-stores-billions-of-lines-of-code-in-a-single-repository/



Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/



Solving Git's Pain Points with Jujutsu (with Martin von Zweigbergk)

Getting new technology adopted in a large organization can feel like pushing water uphill. The best tools in the world are useless if we're not allowed to use them, and as companies grow, their habits turn into inertia, then into "the way we've always done things." So how do you break through that resistance and get meaningful change to happen?

This week's guest is Dov Katz from Morgan Stanley, who specializes in exactly this challenge - driving developer productivity and getting new practices adopted across thousands of developers. We explore the art of organizational change from every angle: How do you get management buy-in? How do you build grassroots developer enthusiasm? When should you use deterministic tools like OpenRewrite versus AI-powered solutions? And what role does open source play in breaking down the walls between competing financial institutions?

Whether you're trying to modernize a legacy codebase, reduce technical debt, or just get your team to try that promising new tool you've discovered, this conversation offers practical strategies for navigating the complex dynamics of enterprise software development. Because sometimes the hardest part of our job isn't writing code - it's getting permission to write better code.

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Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join

Morgan Stanley: https://www.morganstanley.com/

OpenRewrite: https://docs.openrewrite.org/

Spring Framework: https://spring.io/

Spring Integration: https://spring.io/projects/spring-integration

Apache Camel: https://camel.apache.org/

FINOS (FinTech Open Source Foundation): https://www.finos.org/

Linux Foundation: https://www.linuxfoundation.org/

Moderne (Code Remix conference organizers): https://www.moderne.io/

Code Remix Conference: https://www.moderne.io/events

Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

Getting New Technology Adopted (with Dov Katz)

How confident are you when your test suite goes green? If you're honest, probably not 100% confident - because most bugs come from scenarios we never thought to test. Traditional testing only catches the problems we anticipate, but the 3am pager alerts? Those come from the unexpected interactions, timing issues, and edge cases we never imagined.

In this episode, Will Wilson from Antithesis takes us deep into the world of autonomous testing. They've built a deterministic hypervisor that can simulate entire distributed systems - complete with fake AWS services - and intelligently explore millions of possible states to find bugs before production. Think property-based testing, but for your entire infrastructure stack. The approach is so thorough they've even used it to find glitches in Super Mario Brothers (seriously).

We explore how deterministic simulation works at the hypervisor level, why traditional integration tests are fundamentally limited, and how you can write maintainable tests that actually find the bugs that matter. If you've ever wished you could test "what happens when everything that can go wrong does go wrong," this conversation shows you how that's finally becoming possible.

---

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Antithesis: https://antithesis.com/

Antithesis testing with Super Mario: https://antithesis.com/blog/sdtalk/

...and with Metroid: https://antithesis.com/blog/2025/metroid/

MongoDB: https://www.mongodb.com/

etcd (Linux Foundation): https://etcd.io/

Facebook Hermit: https://github.com/facebookexperimental/hermit

RR (Record-Replay Debugger): https://rr-project.org/

T-SAN (Thread Sanitizer): https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThreadSanitizer.html

Toby Bell's Strange Loop Talk on JPL Testing: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=toby+bell+strange+loop+jpl

Andy Weir - Project Hail Mary: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/54493401-project-hail-mary

Andy Weir - The Martian: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18007564-the-martian

Antithesis Blog (Nintendo Games Testing): https://antithesis.com/blog/



Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

From Unit Tests to Whole Universe Tests (with Will Wilson)

How would you build a Heroku-like platform from scratch? This week we're diving deep into the world of cloud platforms and infrastructure with Anurag Goel, founder and CEO of Render.

Starting from the seemingly simple task of hosting a web service, we quickly discover why building a production-ready platform is far more complex than it appears. Why is hosting a Postgres database so challenging? How do you handle millions of users asking for thousands of different features? And what's the secret to building infrastructure that developers actually want to use?

We explore the technical challenges of building enterprise-grade services—from implementing reliable backups and high availability to managing private networking and service discovery. Anurag shares insights on choosing between infrastructure-as-code versus configuration, why they built on Go, and how they handle 100 billion requests per month.

Plus, we discuss the impact of AI on platform adoption: Are LLMs already influencing which platforms developers choose? Will hosting platforms need to actively support agentic workflows? And what does the future hold for automated debugging?

Whether you're curious about building your own platform, want to understand what really happens behind your cloud provider's dashboard, or just enjoy hearing war stories from the infrastructure trenches, this episode has something for you.

–

Support Developer Voices on Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoices

Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join

Render: https://render.com/

Render’s MCP Server (Early Access): https://render.com/docs/mcp-server

Pulumi: https://www.pulumi.com/

Victoria Metrics: https://victoriametrics.com

Loki: https://vector.dev/docs/reference/configuration/sinks/loki/

Vector: https://vector.dev/

Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

Building Render: Inside a Modern Cloud Platform (with Anurag Goel)

How hard is it to write a good database engine? Hard enough that sometimes it takes several versions to get it just right. Paul Dix joins us this week to talk about his journey building InfluxDB, and he's refreshingly frank about what went right, and what went wrong. Sometimes the real database is the knowledge you pick up along the way....

Paul walks us through InfluxDB's evolution from error logging system to time-series datasbase, and from Go to Rust, with unflinching honesty about the major lessons they learnt along the way. We cover technical details like Time-Structure Merge Trees, to business issues like what happens when your database works but your pricing model is broken.

If you're interested in how databases work, this is full of interesting details, and if you're interested in how projects evolve from good idea to functioning business, it's a treat.

--

Support Developer Voices on Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoices

Support Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@developervoices/join

InfluxData: https://www.influxdata.com/

InfluxDB: https://www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb/

DataFusion: https://datafusion.apache.org/

DataFusion Episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8QNNCr8WfDM

Apache Arrow: https://arrow.apache.org/

Apache Parquet: https://parquet.apache.org/

BoltDB: https://github.com/boltdb/bolt

LevelDB: https://github.com/google/leveldb

RocksDB: https://rocksdb.org/

Gorilla: A Fast, Scalable, In-Memory Time Series Database (Facebook paper): https://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol8/p1816-teller.pdf

Paul on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/pauldix/

Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

InfluxDB: The Evolution of a Time Series Database (with Paul Dix)

If AI coding tools are here to stay, what form will they take? How will we use them? Will they be just another window in our IDE, will they push their way to the centre of our development experience, displacing the editor? No one knows, but Zach Lloyd is making a very interesting bet with the latest version of Warp.

In this deep dive, Zach walks us through the technical architecture behind agentic development, and how it's completely changed what he & his team have been building. Warp has gone from a terminal built from scratch, to what they're calling an "agentic development environment" - a tool that weaves AI agents, a development, a shell and a conversation into a single, unified experience. This may be the future or just one possible path; regardless it's a fascinating glimpse into how our tools might reshape not just how we code, but how we experience programming itself.

Whether you're all-in on agentic coding, a skeptic, or somewhere in between, AI is here to stay. Now's the time to figure out what form it's going to take.

# Support Developer Voices

- Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoices

- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/join

-- Episode Links

- Warp Homepage: https://warp.dev/

- Warp Pro Free Month (promo code WARPDEVS25): https://warp.dev/

- Previous Warp Episode: https://youtu.be/bLAJvxUpAcg

- SWE-bench: https://www.swebench.com/

- TerminalBench: https://github.com/microsoft/TerminalBench

- Model Context Protocol (MCP): https://modelcontextprotocol.io/

- Claude Code: https://claude.ai/code

- Anthropic Claude: https://claude.ai/

- VS Code: https://code.visualstudio.com/

- Cursor: https://cursor.sh/

- Language Server Protocol (LSP): https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/

# Connect

- Zach on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/zachlloyd/

- Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.social

- Kris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkins

- Kris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

Beyond AI Hype, What Will Developers Actually Use? (with Zach Lloyd)

Deep-dive discussions with the smartest developers we know, explaining what they're working on, how they're trying to move the industry forward, and what we can learn from them.

You might find the solution to your next architectural headache, pick up a new programming language, or just hear some good war stories from the frontline of technology.

Join your host Kris Jenkins as we try to figure out what tomorrow's computing will look like the best way we know how - by listening directly to the developers' voices.

Kris Jenkins

Shows